How to format your references using the Multilingual Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multilingual Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, Paul. 2008. Beyond rocket science. Nature 453: 818–820.

A journal article with 2 authors

Verger, Philippe J. P., and Alan R. Boobis. 2013. Global food supply. Reevaluate pesticides for food security and safety. Science (New York, N.Y.) 341: 717–718.

A journal article with 3 authors

Beekman, M., J. N. Calis, and W. J. Boot. 2000. Parasitic honeybees get royal treatment. Nature 404: 723.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Peng, Liying, Lei Hua, Weiguo Wang, Qinghua Zhou, and Haiyang Li. 2014. On-site rapid detection of trace non-volatile inorganic explosives by stand-alone ion mobility spectrometry via acid-enhanced evaporization. Scientific reports 4: 6631.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Casandjian, Charles, Noël Challamel, Christophe Lanos, and Jostein Hellesland. 2013. Reinforced Concrete Beams, Columns and Frames. Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mercieca, Duncan P., ed. 2013. Living Otherwise: Students with Profound and Multiple Learning Disabilities as Agents in Educational Contexts. Vol. 17. Studies in Inclusive Education. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Pascha, Werner. 2007. On the Time Lag between Technology Policy and FDI Policy in Korea - A Comment on Jin-Hyo Joseph Yun’s Paper. In Innovation and Technology in Korea: Challenges of a Newly Advanced Economy, ed. Jörg C. Mahlich and Werner Pascha, 55–58. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multilingual Education.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. Cities, Cyborgs And Social Science: How Will We Live In The Year 2065? IFLScience. IFLScience. August 17.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. NASA Workforce: Briefing on National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Use of Term Appointments. GAO-08-920R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ren, Hanlong. 2014. Modification and Characterization of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons for Resorcinol Removal. Doctoral dissertation, Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, Ben. 2016. The Image Is Fixed, but Our Lives Are in Flux. New York Times, March 24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2008; Verger and Boobis 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Verger and Boobis 2013)
Three or more authors: (Peng et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Multilingual Education
Abbreviation	Multiling. Educ.
ISSN (online)	2191-5059
Scope