How to format your references using the Multilingual Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multilingual Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Turner, Marian. 2015. Ecology: Mangrove maintenance. Nature 526: 515.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shafto, Meredith A., and Lorraine K. Tyler. 2014. Language in the aging brain: the network dynamics of cognitive decline and preservation. Science (New York, N.Y.) 346: 583–587.

A journal article with 3 authors

Snyder, Scott A., Andreas Gollner, and Maria I. Chiriac. 2011. Regioselective reactions for programmable resveratrol oligomer synthesis. Nature 474: 461–466.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gao, Xiao, Hao Zhang, Wei Zhuang, Guangda Yuan, Teng Sun, Xia Jiang, Zhongxin Zhou, Honghua Yuan, Zhongming Zhang, and Hongyan Dong. 2014. PEDF and PEDF-derived peptide 44mer protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced apoptosis and necroptosis via anti-oxidative effect. Scientific reports 4: 5637.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Minuth, Will W., Raimund Strehl, and Karl Schumacher. 2005. Tissue Engineering. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Landreau, John C., and Nelson M. Rodriguez, ed. 2012. Queer Masculinities: A Critical Reader in Education. Vol. 21. Explorations of Educational Purpose. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Marques de Sá, Joaquim P. 2007. Non-Parametric Tests of Hypotheses. In Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R, ed. Joaquim P. Marques de Sá, 171–222. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multilingual Education.

Blog post

Carpineti, Alfredo. 2016. Exoplanet’s Year Measured With Incredible Precision Of Just 18 Seconds. IFLScience. IFLScience. November 29.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. Selected FCC Regulatory Policies: Their Purpose and Consequences for Commercial Radio and TV. CED-79-62. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rardin, Emily A. 2017. Corporate Psychopaths and Their Proclivity for Infiltrating Organizations. Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, Ben. 2016. Who Needs Streaming? Aldean Album Is No. 1. New York Times, September 20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Turner 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Shafto and Tyler 2014; Turner 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shafto and Tyler 2014)
Three or more authors: (Gao et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Multilingual Education
Abbreviation	Multiling. Educ.
ISSN (online)	2191-5059
Scope