How to format your references using the Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keeling, R. F. (2008). Atmospheric science. Recording Earth’s vital signs. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5871), 1771–1772.

A journal article with 2 authors

Koch, C., & Reid, R. C. (2012). Neuroscience: Observatories of the mind. Nature, 483(7390), 397–398.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arora, P. K., Srivastava, A., & Singh, V. P. (2014). Degradation of 4-chloro-3-nitrophenol via a novel intermediate, 4-chlororesorcinol by Pseudomonas sp. JHN. Scientific reports, 4, 4475.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Kihm, A. J., Kong, Y., Hong, W., Russell, J. E., Rouda, S., Adachi, K., et al. (2002). An abundant erythroid protein that stabilizes free alpha-haemoglobin. Nature, 417(6890), 758–763.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Weinstein, S. (2009). The Complete Guide to Fundraising Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ghosh, A., & Jain, L. C. (Eds.). (2005). Evolutionary Computation in Data Mining (Vol. 163). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Stathi, S., & Roscini, C. (2016). Identity and Acculturation Processes in Multicultural Societies. In S. McKeown, R. Haji, & N. Ferguson (Eds.), Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory: Contemporary Global Perspectives (pp. 55–69). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, January 11). Byzantine Skeleton Contains 800-Year-Old DNA From The Infection That Killed Her. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). CROSSTALK and Mirror: What’s New Under the CROSSTALK Standard--Part 1 (No. 140678). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dusenberry, W. (2017). Integrating depth psychology in adolescent court-mandated treatment facilities: Increasing treatment efficacy and client engagement (Doctoral dissertation). Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1992, July 14). Gore Tells the Wary: Clinton Isn’t a Worry. New York Times, p. A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Keeling 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Keeling 2008; Koch and Reid 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Koch and Reid 2012)
Three or more authors: (Kihm et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing
Abbreviation	Multidimens. Syst. Signal Process.
ISSN (print)	0923-6082
ISSN (online)	1573-0824
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computer Science Applications Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Signal Processing Software Applied Mathematics