How to format your references using the Mucosal Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mucosal Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bonvillian, W. B. Technology. Advanced manufacturing policies and paradigms for innovation. Science 342, 1173–1175 (2013).

A journal article with 2 authors

Gale, M., Jr & Foy, E. M. Evasion of intracellular host defence by hepatitis C virus. Nature 436, 939–945 (2005).

A journal article with 3 authors

Richards-Kortum, R., Gray, L. V. & Oden, M. IBI* series winner. Engaging undergraduates in global health technology innovation. Science 336, 430–431 (2012).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Silver, K. et al. The Tribolium castaneum cell line TcA: a new tool kit for cell biology. Sci. Rep. 4, 6840 (2014).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Heuer, A. Der perfekte Tipp. (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2012).

An edited book

Giardia: A Model Organism. (Springer, Vienna, 2011).

A chapter in an edited book

Fraillon, J., Ainley, J., Schulz, W., Friedman, T. & Gebhardt, E. Students’ Computer and Information Literacy. In Preparing for Life in a Digital Age: The IEA International Computer and Information Literacy Study International Report (Ainley, J., Schulz, W., Friedman, T. & Gebhardt, E.) 69–100 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mucosal Immunology.

Blog post

Evans, K. First Pan-African Elephant Census Reveals Dramatic Decline Due To Poaching. IFLScience (2016).at <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/first-panafrican-elephant-census-reveals-dramatic-decline-due-to-poaching/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Need To Improve Policies and Procedures for Approving Grants Under the Emergency School Assistance Program. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1971).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zimmerman, K. L. Perceived and preferred organizational culture on behavior intentions in the hospitality industry. (2017).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Friedman, L. & Schwartz, J. Warm Gulf Fuels the Rain and Gives It Nowhere to Go. New York Times A13 (2017).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Mucosal Immunology
Abbreviation	Mucosal Immunol.
ISSN (print)	1933-0219
ISSN (online)	1935-3456
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy