How to format your references using the Mortality citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mortality. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Savage, N. (2012). Technology: Dancing with robots. Nature, 492(7427), S16-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Agnor, C. B., & Hamilton, D. P. (2006). Neptune’s capture of its moon Triton in a binary-planet gravitational encounter. Nature, 441(7090), 192–194.

A journal article with 3 authors

Coumou, D., Driesner, T., & Heinrich, C. A. (2008). The structure and dynamics of mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5897), 1825–1828.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Shapiro, N. M., Ritzwoller, M. H., Molnar, P., & Levin, V. (2004). Thinning and flow of Tibetan crust constrained by seismic anisotropy. Science (New York, N.Y.), 305(5681), 233–236.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pommier, S., Gravouil, A., Combescure, A., & Moës, N. (2013). Extended Finite Element Method for Crack Propagation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Celikyilmaz, A. (2009). Modeling Uncertainty with Fuzzy Logic: With Recent Theory and Applications (I. B. Türksen, Ed.; Vol. 240). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Niwa, M., Katada, N., & Okumura, K. (2010). DFT Calculation of the Solid Acidity. In N. Katada & K. Okumura (Eds.), Characterization and Design of Zeolite Catalysts: Solid Acidity, Shape Selectivity and Loading Properties (pp. 61–78). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mortality.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016, May 2). Can You Solve This Viral Mathematics Puzzle That’s Splitting The Internet? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/answer-viral-mathematics-puzzle-splitting-opinion/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2000). Welfare Reform: Improving State Automated Systems Requires Coordinated Federal Effort (HEHS-00-48). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Arens, J. L. (2015). Power, Oppression, and Group Difference Interrogation: A Call to Social Justice Movement Organizations [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

McKINLEY, J. C., Jr. (2017, September 6). Prosecutors Drop Charges Against a Bronx Teenager. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Savage, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Agnor & Hamilton, 2006; Savage, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Agnor & Hamilton, 2006)
Three authors: (Coumou et al., 2008)
6 or more authors: (Shapiro et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mortality
Abbreviation	Mortality (Abingdon)
ISSN (print)	1357-6275
ISSN (online)	1469-9885
Scope	Philosophy Religious studies Health(social science)