How to format your references using the Molecular Imaging and Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Molecular Imaging and Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kato T (2002) Self-assembly of phase-segregated liquid crystal structures. Science 295:2414–2418

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Dell CR, Townsley LK (2008) Astronomy. Orion continues to surprise. Science 319:289–290

A journal article with 3 authors

Takahashi T, Svoboda K, Malinow R (2003) Experience strengthening transmission by driving AMPA receptors into synapses. Science 299:1585–1588

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhao Q, Yang K, Li W, Xing B (2014) Concentration-dependent polyparameter linear free energy relationships to predict organic compound sorption on carbon nanotubes. Sci Rep 4:3888

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Clarke A, Thompson A, Jenkinson E, et al (2013) CBT for Appearance Anxiety. John Wiley & Sons, Oxford

An edited book

Schroeder A, Willert CE (2008) Particle Image Velocimetry: New Developments and Recent Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Steiber A, Alänge S (2016) A Special Breed of People. In: Alänge S (ed) The Silicon Valley Model: Management for Entrepreneurship. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 65–85

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Molecular Imaging and Biology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Banana Molecule Fights HIV And Hepatitis C. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/banana-molecule-fights-hiv-and-hepatitis-c/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Freight Rail Security: Actions Have Been Taken to Enhance Security, but the Federal Strategy Can Be Strengthened and Security Efforts Better Monitored. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vargas AR (2010) Implementing modern geographic technology in the trucking industry: A case study. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Davey M, Walsh MW (2014) Plan on Repaying Debt Is Presented to Detroit’s Creditors. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Molecular Imaging and Biology
Abbreviation	Mol. Imaging Biol.
ISSN (print)	1536-1632
ISSN (online)	1860-2002
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging