How to format your references using the Modern Phytomorphology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Modern Phytomorphology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mervis J. 2000. CALL TO ARMS: Diversity: Easier Said Than Done. Science 289: 378–379.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wardle D.A., Zackrisson O. 2005. Effects of Species and Functional Group Loss on Island Ecosystem Properties. Nature 435: 806–810.

A journal article with 3 authors

O’Rahilly S., Barroso I., Wareham N.J. 2005. Genetic Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: The End of the Beginning?. Science 307: 370–373.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lu R., Maduro M., Li F., Li H.W., Broitman-Maduro G., Li W.X., Ding S.W. 2005. Animal Virus Replication and RNAi-Mediated Antiviral Silencing in Caenorhabditis Elegans. Nature 436: 1040–1043.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Russell D.L., Arlow P.C. 2015. Industrial Security. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Vuyst P.D., Gevenois P.A. (eds.). 2006. Imaging of Occupational and Environmental Disorders of the Chest. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Valdez-Hernández M. 2015. Vegetative and Reproductive Plant Phenology. In: Islebe G.A., Calmé S., León-Cortés J.L., Schmook B. (eds.), Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula: 57–96 Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Modern Phytomorphology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2016. New Horizons’ Next Target Appears To Be Redder Than Pluto. IFLScience. IFLScience.https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-horizons-next-target-appears-to-be-redder-than-pluto/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1996. Highway Trust Fund: Financial Status and Outlook. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Johnson A. 2015. Instructional Practices in Physical Education Programs for Students with Disabilities.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly S.R. 2015. Mr. Trump, Korea’s Border Is Huge! New York Times: A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mervis 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Mervis 2000; Wardle & Zackrisson 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wardle & Zackrisson 2005)
Three or more authors: (Lu et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Modern Phytomorphology
ISSN (print)	2226-3063
ISSN (online)	2227-9555
Scope