How to format your references using the Mobile Networks and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mobile Networks and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mooijaart S (2004) Scientists and societies. Young genomicists get connected. Nature 429:226

A journal article with 2 authors

Pauluis O, Dias J (2012) Satellite estimates of precipitation-induced dissipation in the atmosphere. Science 335:953–956

A journal article with 3 authors

Mitchell MW, Lundeen JS, Steinberg AM (2004) Super-resolving phase measurements with a multiphoton entangled state. Nature 429:161–164

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ge W-P, Yang X-J, Zhang Z, et al (2006) Long-term potentiation of neuron-glia synapses mediated by Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors. Science 312:1533–1537

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dubin D (2005) Numerical and Analytical Methods for Scientists and Engineers, Using Mathematica. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Milton KA (2006) Electromagnetic Radiation: Variational Methods, Waveguides and Accelerators. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Rico J, Sancho J, Díaz Á, et al (2015) Low Power Wireless Sensor Networks: Secure Applications and Remote Distribution of FW Updates with Key Management on WSN. In: Candaele B, Soudris D, Anagnostopoulos I (eds) Trusted Computing for Embedded Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 71–111

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mobile Networks and Applications.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Scientists Trace Jewish History Using DNA. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dna-traces-jewish-history/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1971) Review of the Policies and Procedures of the Office of Education in Administering Contracts Awarded for the Purpose of Studying or Evaluating Educational Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Saifman HP (2017) Millennial Nurse Manager Perspectives on Their Leadership Roles in the Hospital Setting: A Phenomenological Inquiry. Doctoral dissertation, Florida Atlantic University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly S (1995) Mighty Joe Mishbooker. New York Times 724

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Mobile Networks and Applications
Abbreviation	Mob. Netw. Appl.
ISSN (print)	1383-469X
ISSN (online)	1572-8153
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Software