How to format your references using the Military Medical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Military Medical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Neff BD. Decisions about parental care in response to perceived paternity. Nature. 2003;422:716–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Mascie-Taylor CGN, Karim E. The burden of chronic disease. Science. 2003;302:1921–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Healy LL, Cronin JG, Sheldon IM. Endometrial cells sense and react to tissue damage during infection of the bovine endometrium via interleukin 1. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7060.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Ferretti F, Osio GC, Jenkins CJ, Rosenberg AA, Lotze HK. Long-term change in a meso-predator community in response to prolonged and heterogeneous human impact. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1057.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bahadori A. Waste Management in the Chemical and Petroleum Industries. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

1. Chatterjee S. Analog Circuit Design Techniques at 0.5 V. 1st ed. Pun KP, Stanić N, Tsividis Y, Kinget P, editors. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Khoshnevisan D, Schilling R. On the Markov Property. In: Schilling R, Utzet F, Quer-Sardanyons L, editors. From Lévy-Type Processes to Parabolic SPDEs. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 27–33.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Military Medical Research.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. You Can Now Vote To Officially Name Exoplanets For The First Time [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/you-can-now-vote-officially-name-exoplanets-first-time-ever/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Hourly Fees Paid by Various Federal Agencies to Private Attorneys for Legal Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Jul. Report No.: GAO-01-887R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rodman RA. Casual factors that contribute to gender bias in career choice among junior high school age females [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vecsey G. A Gifted Talker Is Speaking Out. New York Times. 2010 May 30;SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Military Medical Research
Abbreviation	Mil. Med. Res.
ISSN (online)	2054-9369
Scope	General Medicine

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