How to format your references using the Microbial Drug Resistance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Microbial Drug Resistance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Szpiro, G. 2013. Economics: Value judgements. Nature 500:521–523.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weber, W.J., and R.C. Ewing. 2000. Plutonium immobilization and radiation effects. Science 289:2051–2052.

A journal article with 3 authors

Eswaramoorthy, S.K., J.M. Howe, and G. Muralidharan. 2007. In situ determination of the nanoscale chemistry and behavior of solid-liquid systems. Science 318:1437–1440.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Shpyrko, O.G., R. Streitel, V.S.K. Balagurusamy, A.Y. Grigoriev, M. Deutsch, B.M. Ocko, M. Meron, B. Lin, and P.S. Pershan. 2006. Surface crystallization in a liquid AuSi alloy. Science 313:77–80.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gilmore, R., and M. Lefranc. 2011. The Topology of Chaos. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Suri, J.S., D.L. Wilson, and S. Laxminarayan (eds.). 2005. Handbook of Biomedical Image Analysis: Volume I: Segmentation Models Part A. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Berman, S.J., B. Battino, L. Shipnuck, and A. Neus. 2009. The End of Advertising As We Know It. In D. Gerbarg (ed.), Television Goes Digital. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 29–55.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Microbial Drug Resistance.

Blog post

Luntz, S. 2015. Alaska’s Astonishing Meltwater Calculated. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/environment/alaskas-astonishing-meltwater-calculated/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2009. Social Security Administration: Effective Information Technology Management Essential for Data Center Initiative. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bockler, T. 2014. Legal advocacy program for low-income children with disabilities: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation.California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Smith, M., and S.F. Kovaleski. 2017. For Officers After a Shooting, Unseen ‘Grieving.’ New York Times A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,4,6,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Microbial Drug Resistance
Abbreviation	Microb. Drug Resist.
ISSN (print)	1076-6294
ISSN (online)	1931-8448
Scope	Immunology Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Pharmacology