How to format your references using the Microbial Drug Resistance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Microbial Drug Resistance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blow, N. 2008. Stem cells: in search of common ground. Nature 451:855–858.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barbraud, C., and H. Weimerskirch. 2001. Emperor penguins and climate change. Nature 411:183–186.

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu, D., S. Amagai, and J. Bricken. 2012. Science education. Engaging teachers, scientists, and multimedia to promote learning. Science 336:1509.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hyde, J.S., S.M. Lindberg, M.C. Linn, A.B. Ellis, and C.C. Williams. 2008. Diversity. Gender similarities characterize math performance. Science 321:494–495.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lunn, G. 2005. HPLC Methods for Recently Approved Pharmaceuticals. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mookherjee, M. (ed.). 2011. Democracy, Religious Pluralism and the Liberal Dilemma of Accommodation. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Whatmore, R. 2014. Characterisation of Pyroelectric Materials. In M.G. Cain (ed.), Characterisation of Ferroelectric Bulk Materials and Thin Films. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 65–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Microbial Drug Resistance.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2014. King Richard III Suffered Nine Blows to the Skull. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/technology/king-richard-iii-suffered-nine-blows-skull/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1975. Automatic Data Processing Activity in the Feed Materials Production Center, Fernald, Ohio. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chitakasempornkul, K. 2012. Ordinal time series analysis for Air Quality Index (AQI) in San Bernardino County. Doctoral dissertation.California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vlasic, B. 2016. Auto Sales Explode, but Detroit Brands No Longer Dominate. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,4,6,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Microbial Drug Resistance
Abbreviation	Microb. Drug Resist.
ISSN (print)	1076-6294
ISSN (online)	1931-8448
Scope	Immunology Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Pharmacology