How to format your references using the Mental Health and Substance Use citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mental Health and Substance Use. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. (2003). Moving targets. Nature, 423(6943), 1021.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmid, E. M., & McMahon, H. T. (2007). Integrating molecular and network biology to decode endocytosis. Nature, 448(7156), 883–888.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wheeler, Q., Assis, L., & Rieppel, O. (2013). Phylogenetics: Heed the father of cladistics. Nature, 496(7445), 295–296.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

McCreath, K. J., Howcroft, J., Campbell, K. H., Colman, A., Schnieke, A. E., & Kind, A. J. (2000). Production of gene-targeted sheep by nuclear transfer from cultured somatic cells. Nature, 405(6790), 1066–1069.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Provost, J. J., Colabroy, K. L., Kelly, B. S., & Wallert, M. A. (2016). The Science of Cooking. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Aura, T., Järvinen, K., & Nyberg, K. (Eds.). (2012). Information Security Technology for Applications: 15th Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems, NordSec 2010, Espoo, Finland, October 27-29, 2010, Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 7127). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen, Z., Jiang, Y., & Wang, R. (2015). Ant Colony Optimization with Different Crossover Schemes for Continuous Optimization. In M. Gong, P. Linqiang, S. Tao, K. Tang, & X. Zhang (Eds.), Bio-Inspired Computing -- Theories and Applications: 10th International Conference, BIC-TA 2015 Hefei, China, September 25-28, 2015, Proceedings (pp. 56–62). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mental Health and Substance Use.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016, August 8). Do Mobile Phones Give You Brain Cancer? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/do-mobile-phones-give-you-brain-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1979). The Air Force Should Cancel Plans To Acquire Two Computer Systems at Most Bases (FGMSD-80-15). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Works, R. F. (2016). Econometric modeling of exchange rate determinants by market classification: An empirical analysis of Japan and South Korea using the sticky-price monetary theory [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Berkman, S. (2017, August 21). Mets’ Matz Needs Elbow Surgery in Another Blow to the Rotation. New York Times, B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Schmid & McMahon, 2007; Smaglik, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schmid & McMahon, 2007)
Three authors: (Wheeler et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (McCreath et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mental Health and Substance Use
Abbreviation	Ment. Health Subst. Use
ISSN (print)	1752-3281
ISSN (online)	1752-3273
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Phychiatric Mental Health