How to format your references using the Mental Health and Substance Use citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mental Health and Substance Use. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crommie, M. F. (2005). Physics. Manipulating magnetism in a single molecule. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5740), 1501–1502.

A journal article with 2 authors

Blander, J. M., & Medzhitov, R. (2006). Toll-dependent selection of microbial antigens for presentation by dendritic cells. Nature, 440(7085), 808–812.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kühl, G., Briggs, D. E. G., & Rust, J. (2009). A great-appendage arthropod with a radial mouth from the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate, Germany. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323(5915), 771–773.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Kuznicki, S. M., Bell, V. A., Nair, S., Hillhouse, H. W., Jacubinas, R. M., Braunbarth, C. M., Toby, B. H., & Tsapatsis, M. (2001). A titanosilicate molecular sieve with adjustable pores for size-selective adsorption of molecules. Nature, 412(6848), 720–724.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Olofsson, P. (2006). Probabilities. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bajohr, F., & Löw, A. (Eds.). (2016). The Holocaust and European Societies: Social Processes and Social Dynamics. Palgrave Macmillan UK.

A chapter in an edited book

Tepedino, G. (2016). Human Rights in Private Law: The Brazilian Experience. In V. Trstenjak & P. Weingerl (Eds.), The Influence of Human Rights and Basic Rights in Private Law (pp. 115–141). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mental Health and Substance Use.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, September 3). Geckos Are Springs That Stiffen As They Get Bigger. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/geckos-are-springs-stiffen-they-get-bigger/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1977). Status of the Mariner Jupiter/Saturn 1977 Project (PSAD-77-103). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laubacher, T. L. (2016). Simplifying “Inherently Governmental” Functions: Choosing between a Principled Approach or More of the Same [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Risen, J., & Risen, T. (2017, June 22). Donald Trump Does His Best Joe McCarthy. New York Times, SR2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Crommie, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Blander & Medzhitov, 2006; Crommie, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Blander & Medzhitov, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Kuznicki et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Mental Health and Substance Use
Abbreviation	Ment. Health Subst. Use
ISSN (print)	1752-3281
ISSN (online)	1752-3273
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Phychiatric Mental Health