How to format your references using the Medical Journal Armed Forces India citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medical Journal Armed Forces India. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bloch I. Quantum gases. Science. 2008;319(5867):1202-1203.

A journal article with 2 authors

Moiseff A, Copeland J. Firefly synchrony: a behavioral strategy to minimize visual clutter. Science. 2010;329(5988):181.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dandekar AA, Chugani S, Greenberg EP. Bacterial quorum sensing and metabolic incentives to cooperate. Science. 2012;338(6104):264-266.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Clutton-Brock TH, Russell AF, Sharpe LL, et al. Effects of helpers on juvenile development and survival in meerkats. Science. 2001;293(5539):2446-2449.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Maini AK, Agrawal V. Satellite Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Leung SW, Hu H, eds. Evidence-Based Research Methods for Chinese Medicine. Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Dessimoz JD, Gauthey PF. What Role for Emotions in Cooperating Robots? – The Case of RH3-Y. In: Gottscheber A, Obdržálek D, Schmidt C, eds. Research and Education in Robotics - EUROBOT 2009: International Conference, La Ferté-Bernard, France, May 21-23, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer; 2010:38-46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medical Journal Armed Forces India.

Blog post

Andrew E. Human Experiments – The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly. IFLScience. Published June 8, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/human-experiments-good-bad-and-ugly/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Observations on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Fiscal Year 1999 Performance Report and Fiscal Year 2001 Performance Plan. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rodriguez J. Viviendo En Las Sombras: Examining the Educational Experiences of Undocumented Immigrant Latino Students in a Public Secondary School Setting. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Bill Penalizes Adults in Under-Age Drinking. New York Times. July 15, 2007:LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Medical Journal Armed Forces India
Abbreviation	Med J. Armed Forces India
ISSN (print)	0377-1237
Scope	General Medicine