How to format your references using the Medical Humanities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medical Humanities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Becker BJ. Perceptions of science. Celestial spectroscopy: making reality fit the myth. Science 2003;301:1332–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Williamson R, Duncan R. DNA testing for all. Nature 2002;418:585–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

McDonald JJ, Teder-Sälejärvi WA, Hillyard SA. Involuntary orienting to sound improves visual perception. Nature 2000;407:906–8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Knesel KM, Cohen BE, Vasconcelos PM, et al. Rapid change in drift of the Australian plate records collision with Ontong Java plateau. Nature 2008;454:754–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dimitriadis G. Introduction to Nonlinear Aeroelasticity. Chichester, UK: : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2017.

An edited book

García Gómez-Tejedor G, Fuss MC, editors. Radiation Damage in Biomolecular Systems. Dordrecht: : Springer Netherlands 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Syme D, Granicz A, Cisternino A. Mastering Types and Generics. In: Granicz A, Cisternino A, eds. Expert F#. Berkeley, CA: : Apress 2007. 101–23.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medical Humanities.

Blog post

Hale T. Chile Has Generated So Much Solar Power It’s Giving It Away For Free. IFLScience. 2016.https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chile-has-generated-so-much-solar-power-its-giving-it-away-for-free/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Management and Oversight of Projects Totaling Billions of Dollars Need Attention. Washington, DC: : U.S. Government Printing Office 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Monforton C. Evaluation of the impact of a mandatory safety training regulation on occupational injury and fatality rates among U.S. stone, sand and gravel miners. 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Ukraine: Bribery Case Against Acting Premier Is Dropped. New York Times. 2005;:A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Medical Humanities
Abbreviation	Med. Humanit.
ISSN (print)	1468-215X
ISSN (online)	1473-4265
Scope	Philosophy Pathology and Forensic Medicine