How to format your references using the Medical Gas Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medical Gas Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Duster T. Medicine. Race and reification in science. Science. 2005;307:1050–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Ottino JM, Lueptow RM. Materials science. On mixing and demixing. Science. 2008;319:912–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Strauss E, Oszkinis G, Staniszewski R. SEPP1 gene variants and abdominal aortic aneurysm: gene association in relation to metabolic risk factors and peripheral arterial disease coexistence. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7061.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Marquardt H, Speziale S, Reichmann HJ, Frost DJ, Schilling FR, Garnero EJ. Elastic shear anisotropy of ferropericlase in Earth’s lower mantle. Science. 2009;324:224–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Akcoglu MA, Bartha PFA, Ha DM. Analysis in Vector Spaces. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

1. Knüpfer A, Hilbrich T, Niethammer C, Gracia J, Nagel WE, Resch MM, editors. Tools for High Performance Computing 2015: Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Parallel Tools for High Performance Computing, September 2015, Dresden, Germany. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Salem O, Vaton S, Gravey A. A Novel Approach for Anomaly Detection over High-Speed Networks. In: Siris V, Anagnostakis K, Ioannidis S, Trimintzios P, editors. Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Computer Network Defense. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009. p. 49–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medical Gas Research.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Brilliant Gift Ideas For Science Fans [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/science-gift-ideas/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Surveillance Radar Request for the Cherry Capital Airport. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 May. Report No.: RCED-98-118.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Clément V. From Adaptation to Transformation: A Resilience Perspective on Organizational Responses to Ecological Adversity [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sachs S. CITY POPULATION TOPS 8 MILLION IN CENSUS COUNT FOR FIRST TIME. New York Times. 2001 Mar 16;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Medical Gas Research
Abbreviation	Med. Gas Res.
ISSN (online)	2045-9912
Scope