How to format your references using the Mayo Clinic Proceedings citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mayo Clinic Proceedings. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Al-Gazali L. Genome-sequencing anniversary. Human genome sequencing: celebrating 10 years. Science. 2011;331(6019):873.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kodama R, Fast-Ignitor Consortium. Fast heating scalable to laser fusion ignition. Nature. 2002;418(6901):933-934.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jacobson T, Liberati S, Mattingly D. A strong astrophysical constraint on the violation of special relativity by quantum gravity. Nature. 2003;424(6952):1019-1021.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Maeda S, Hsu LC, Liu H, et al. Nod2 mutation in Crohn’s disease potentiates NF-kappaB activity and IL-1beta processing. Science. 2005;307(5710):734-738.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Russell DL. Practical Wastewater Treatment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Kury H, Redo S, Shea E, eds. Women and Children as Victims and Offenders: Background, Prevention, Reintegration: Suggestions for Succeeding Generations (Volume 2). Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Ditterline J, Oakland T. Relationships Between Adaptive Behavior and Impairment. In: Naglieri J, Goldstein S, eds. Assessing Impairment: From Theory to Practice. Springer US; 2009:31-48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mayo Clinic Proceedings.

Blog post

Hale T. Brewery Has Created Six-Pack Holders That Can Be Eaten By Marine Life. IFLScience. Published May 20, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/beer-brewery-has-created-edible-six-pack-holders-protect-marine-life/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Progress and Challenges Associated with the Transformation of the National Airspace System. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nelson T. Project Motherhood: A Grant Proposal Project. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. Qaeda-Linked Militants Are Finding Elbow Room Among Syria’s Displaced. New York Times. August 13, 2017:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Abbreviation	Mayo Clin. Proc.
ISSN (print)	0025-6196
Scope	General Medicine