How to format your references using the Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Holt T (2000) Subpoenaed in Syracuse. Nature 407:841

A journal article with 2 authors

Levitt SD, List JA (2008) Economics. Homo economicus evolves. Science 319:909–910

A journal article with 3 authors

Bell E, Rowen L, Hood L (2000) Publication rights for sequence data producers. Science 290:1696b–8b

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kunjithapatham R, Karthikeyan S, Geschwind J-F, et al (2014) Reversal of anchorage-independent multicellular spheroid into a monolayer mimics a metastatic model. Sci Rep 4:6816

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hasslacher C, Böhm S (2005) Diabetes and the Kidney. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Alippi C, Polycarpou M, Panayiotou C, Ellinas G (2009) Artificial Neural Networks – ICANN 2009: 19th International Conference, Limassol, Cyprus, September 14-17, 2009, Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Wang Z, Dong J, Zhao B, Zhen J (2016) Exploration on the Application of Microlecture in Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion Class. In: Che W, Han Q, Wang H, et al (eds) Social Computing: Second International Conference of Young Computer Scientists, Engineers and Educators, ICYCSEE 2016, Harbin, China, August 20-22, 2016, Proceedings, Part II. Springer, Singapore, pp 32–35

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Archaeologists Have Discovered A Brand New Ancient God. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/archaeologists-discovered-brand-new-ancient-god/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Deferred Maintenance Reporting: Challenges to Implementation. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Guillory MK (2017) An Analysis of Corporal Punishment Practices in the State of Tennessee. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch J (2016) Ready to Jump In If Needed (Not Likely). New York Times D1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Abbreviation	Maxillofac. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.
ISSN (online)	2288-8586
Scope