How to format your references using the Mathematical Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Mathematical Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Edlin, B.R.: Perspective: test and treat this silent killer. Nature. 474, S18-9 (2011)

A journal article with 2 authors

Bruun, E., Givoni, M.: Sustainable mobility: Six research routes to steer transport policy. Nature. 523, 29–31 (2015)

A journal article with 3 authors

Chu, L., Xiao, K.-J., Yu, J.-Q.: Room-temperature enantioselective C-H iodination via kinetic resolution. Science. 346, 451–455 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Blättler, C.L., Claire, M.W., Prave, A.R., Kirsimäe, K., Higgins, J.A., Medvedev, P.V., Romashkin, A.E., Rychanchik, D.V., Zerkle, A.L., Paiste, K., Kreitsmann, T., Millar, I.L., Hayles, J.A., Bao, H., Turchyn, A.V., Warke, M.R., Lepland, A.: Two-billion-year-old evaporites capture Earth’s great oxidation. Science. 360, 320–323 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Héno, R., Chandelier, L.: 3D Modeling of Buildings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2014)

An edited book

Ruairc, G.M.: Leadership for Inclusive Education: Values, Vision and Voices. SensePublishers, Rotterdam (2013)

A chapter in an edited book

Korol, A.V., Solov’yov, A.V.: PBrS in Non-Relativistic Collisions of Structural Particles with Atoms and Ions. In: Solov’yov, A.V. (ed.) Polarization Bremsstrahlung. pp. 121–150. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Mathematical Sciences.

Blog post

Fang, J.: 600-Year-Old Canoe Offers Glimpse of Early Polynesian Explorers, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/600-year-old-canoe-offers-glimpse-early-polynesian-explorers/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Highway Trust Fund: Nearly All States Received More Funding Than They Contributed in Highway Taxes Since 2005. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2010)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robertson-Tessi, M.: Mathematical models of tumor growth and therapy, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B.: A Lesson on Slavery With Bite and No Mercy, (2016)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Mathematical Sciences
Abbreviation	Math. Sci.
ISSN (print)	2008-1359
ISSN (online)	2251-7456
Scope