How to format your references using the Materials Today Sustainability citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Materials Today Sustainability. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

G.H. Lander, Physics. Sensing electrons on the edge, Science 301 (2003) 1057–1059.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

X. Jin, R.M. Costa, Start/stop signals emerge in nigrostriatal circuits during sequence learning, Nature 466 (2010) 457–462.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J.S. DeLoache, D.H. Uttal, K.S. Rosengren, Scale errors offer evidence for a perception-action dissociation early in life, Science 304 (2004) 1027–1029.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Jones, T.-L. Wang, I.-M. Shih, T.-L. Mao, K. Nakayama, R. Roden, R. Glas, D. Slamon, L.A. Diaz Jr, B. Vogelstein, K.W. Kinzler, V.E. Velculescu, N. Papadopoulos, Frequent mutations of chromatin remodeling gene ARID1A in ovarian clear cell carcinoma, Science 330 (2010) 228–231.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Center for Chemical Process Safety, Guidelines for Safe and Reliable Instrumented Protective Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2007.

An edited book

[1]

L.T. Yang, X. Zhou, W. Zhao, Z. Wu, Y. Zhu, M. Lin, eds., Embedded Software and Systems: Second International Conference, ICESS 2005, Xi’an, China, December 16-18, 2005. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

J. Schneider, R. Wattenhofer, Trading Bit, Message, and Time Complexity of Distributed Algorithms, in: D. Peleg (Ed.), Distributed Computing: 25th International Symposium, DISC 2011, Rome, Italy, September 20-22, 2011. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 51–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Materials Today Sustainability.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Dawn Breaks Over Distant Ceres … And Perhaps Reveals Signs Of Habitability, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/space/dawn-breaks-over-distant-ceres-and-perhaps-reveals-signs-habitability/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Problems in Providing Education Overseas for Dependents of U.S. Personnel, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1974.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K.M. Williamson, The effects of communist policies, the democratic transition, and EU accession on gender equality in Germany and the Czech Republic, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

N.R. Kleinfield, Broken Boys, Thieves, Killers, and Now Escapees, New York Times (2015) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Materials Today Sustainability
ISSN (print)	2589-2347
Scope