How to format your references using the Materials Today Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Materials Today Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Panksepp, Psychology. Beyond a joke: from animal laughter to human joy?, Science 308 (2005) 62–63.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

B. Noudoost, T. Moore, Control of visual cortical signals by prefrontal dopamine, Nature 474 (2011) 372–375.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Y. Shen, R. Buick, D.E. Canfield, Isotopic evidence for microbial sulphate reduction in the early Archaean era, Nature 410 (2001) 77–81.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

A. Benassi, M.A. Marioni, D. Passerone, H.J. Hug, Role of interface coupling inhomogeneity in domain evolution in exchange bias, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4508.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

G. Davies, Designing and Developing Scalable IP Networks, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

F. Bagarello, R. Passante, C. Trapani, eds., Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in Quantum Physics: Selected Contributions from the 15th International Conference on Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in Quantum Physics, Palermo, Italy, 18-23 May 2015, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

O. Pallara, F. Froio, A. Rinolfi, D. Lo Presti, Assessment of Strength and Deformation of Coarse Grained Soils by Means of Penetration Tests and Laboratory Tests on Undisturbed Samples, in: H.I. Ling, L. Callisto, D. Leshchinsky, J. Koseki (Eds.), Soil Stress-Strain Behavior: Measurement, Modeling and Analysis: A Collection of Papers of the Geotechnical Symposium in Rome, March 16–17, 2006, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2007: pp. 201–213.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Materials Today Physics.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Time lapse of molting giant spider crab, IFLScience (2013). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/time-lapse-molting-giant-spider-crab/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Air Traffic Control: Experts’ and Stakeholders’ Views on Key Issues to Consider in a Potential Restructuring [Reissued on December 9, 2016], U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M. Gaines, Perceptions of knowledge sharing within hybrid learning environments: As iron sharpens iron among graduate students, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Kenigsberg, One of Us, New York Times (2017) C9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Materials Today Physics
ISSN (print)	2542-5293
Scope