How to format your references using the Marine Geophysical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Geophysical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Prusiner SB (2002) Historical essay. Discovering the cause of AIDS. Science 298:1726

A journal article with 2 authors

Coulson T, Clegg S (2014) Population biology: fur seals signal their own decline. Nature 511:414–415

A journal article with 3 authors

Sokolov S, Scheuer T, Catterall WA (2007) Gating pore current in an inherited ion channelopathy. Nature 446:76–78

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu Z, Luyten I, Bottomley MJ, et al (2001) Structural basis for recognition of the intron branch site RNA by splicing factor 1. Science 294:1098–1102

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lalanne C (2014) Random Vibration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Cullis AG, Midgley PA (eds) (2008) Microscopy of Semiconducting Materials 2007. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Leibrandt K, Lorenz T, Nierhoff T, Hirche S (2013) Modelling Human Gameplay at Pool and Countering It with an Anthropomorphic Robot. In: Herrmann G, Pearson MJ, Lenz A, et al. (eds) Social Robotics: 5th International Conference, ICSR 2013, Bristol, UK, October 27-29, 2013, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 30–39

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Geophysical Research.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Chief of Copenhagen Zoo Speaks Out About Giraffe Controversy. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/chief-copenhagen-zoo-speaks-out-about-giraffe-controversy/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Transportation Security Administration: More Clarity on the Authority of Federal Security Directors Is Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eakman TL (2017) Education Level and Critical Thinking Skills Among Substance Use Counselors Nationwide: A Descriptive Comparative Study. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E (1998) A Life Spent In the Past, Of a Fashion. New York Times 147

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Prusiner 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Prusiner 2002; Coulson and Clegg 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coulson and Clegg 2014)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Geophysical Research
Abbreviation	Mar. Geophys. Res.
ISSN (print)	0025-3235
ISSN (online)	1573-0581
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Oceanography