How to format your references using the Marine Geophysical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Geophysical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Peeples MS (2015) Astronomy: Cosmic fog and smog. Nature 517:444–445

A journal article with 2 authors

Pahlevan K, Morbidelli A (2015) Collisionless encounters and the origin of the lunar inclination. Nature 527:492–494

A journal article with 3 authors

Verschure PFMJ, Voegtlin T, Douglas RJ (2003) Environmentally mediated synergy between perception and behaviour in mobile robots. Nature 425:620–624

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Del Fresno C, Saz-Leal P, Enamorado M, et al (2018) DNGR-1 in dendritic cells limits tissue damage by dampening neutrophil recruitment. Science 362:351–356

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grigorenko YN, Chilingar GV, Sobolev VS, et al (2012) Petroleum Accumulation Zones on Continental Margins. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dubinsky Z, Stambler N (eds) (2011) Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Olesen MC, Hansen RR, Larsen KG (2016) An Automata-Based Approach to Trace Partitioned Abstract Interpretation. In: Probst CW, Hankin C, Hansen RR (eds) Semantics, Logics, and Calculi: Essays Dedicated to Hanne Riis Nielson and Flemming Nielson on the Occasion of Their 60th Birthdays. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 88–110

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Geophysical Research.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Activating Body’s Brown Fat Could Lead To New Weight Loss Method. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/activating-body-s-brown-fat-could-lead-new-weight-loss-method/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Freight Rail Pricing: Contracts Provide Shippers and Railroads Flexibility, but High Rates Concern Some Shippers. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Newberry GC (2014) Students’ experiences with simulation education. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Savage C, Sullivan E (2017) Sessions Widens Official Inquiry On Media Leaks. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Peeples 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Peeples 2015; Pahlevan and Morbidelli 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pahlevan and Morbidelli 2015)
Three or more authors: (Del Fresno et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Geophysical Research
Abbreviation	Mar. Geophys. Res.
ISSN (print)	0025-3235
ISSN (online)	1573-0581
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Oceanography