How to format your references using the Marine Environmental Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Environmental Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pollitz, F.F., 2006. Geophysics. A new class of earthquake observations. Science 313, 619–620.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yan, J., Aldrich, R.W., 2010. LRRC26 auxiliary protein allows BK channel activation at resting voltage without calcium. Nature 466, 513–516.

A journal article with 3 authors

Willis, G.L., Moore, C., Armstrong, S.M., 2014. Parkinson’s disease, lights and melanocytes: looking beyond the retina. Sci. Rep. 4, 3921.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Knoll, A.H., Walter, M.R., Narbonne, G.M., Christie-Blick, N., 2004. Geology. A new period for the geologic time scale. Science 305, 621–622.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hoppert, M., 2005. Microscopic Techniques in Biotechnology. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

Schmidt, G., Abut, H., Takeda, K., Hansen, J.H.L. (Eds.), 2014. Smart Mobile In-Vehicle Systems: Next Generation Advancements. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

de Medeiros, A.K.A., Guzzo, A., Greco, G., van der Aalst, W.M.P., Weijters, A.J.M.M., van Dongen, B.F., Saccà, D., 2008. Process Mining Based on Clustering: A Quest for Precision, in: Hofstede, A.T., Benatallah, B., Paik, H.-Y. (Eds.), Business Process Management Workshops: BPM 2007 International Workshops, BPI, BPD, CBP, ProHealth, RefMod, Semantics4ws, Brisbane, Australia, September 24, 2007, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 17–29.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Environmental Research.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. How Harmless Microbes Turned into Flesh-Eating Bacteria [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-harmless-microbes-turned-flesh-eating-bacteria/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. The National School Lunch Program: Is It Working? (No. PAD-77-6). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kaiser, C.V., 2015. “Maps of the world[s] in its becoming[s]”: Seeking queer potentialities in the post-apocalyptic narrative (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Chira, S., 2017. Cosby Is the Man on Trial. But So Are Power Dynamics. New York Times C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pollitz, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Pollitz, 2006; Yan and Aldrich, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yan and Aldrich, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Knoll et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Environmental Research
Abbreviation	Mar. Environ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0141-1136
Scope	Aquatic Science Oceanography Pollution General Medicine