How to format your references using the Marine Biodiversity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Biodiversity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gavaghan H (2001) Biology moves into the silicon stage. Nature 409:964

A journal article with 2 authors

Foulger GR, Natland JH (2003) Geology. Is “hotspot” volcanism a consequence of plate tectonics? Science 300:921–922

A journal article with 3 authors

Schweitzer MH, Wittmeyer JL, Horner JR (2005) Gender-specific reproductive tissue in ratites and Tyrannosaurus rex. Science 308:1456–1460

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Rutgers LV, van der Borg K, de Jong AFM, Poole I (2005) Radiocarbon dating: Jewish inspiration of Christian catacombs. Nature 436:339

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brook MV (2011) Ultrasonic Inspection Technology Development and Search Unit Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Oliver MA (2015) Basic Steps in Geostatistics: The Variogram and Kriging. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Vande Wouwer A, Saucez P, Vilas C (2014) How to Handle Steep Moving Fronts? In: Saucez P, Vilas C (eds) Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB: Scientific and Engineering Applications. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 285–337

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Biodiversity.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2016) Current Emissions Could Already Warm World To Dangerous Levels: Study. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) DOD Business Systems Modernization: Limited Progress in Development of Business Enterprise Architecture and Oversight of Information Technology Investments. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grace J (2017) A Correlational Study of the Relationship Between TEAS V and Success in Licensed Practical Nursing Students. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2015) Puerto Rico Unveils Painful Plan for Islanders, and Bond Holders. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gavaghan 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Gavaghan 2001; Foulger and Natland 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Foulger and Natland 2003)
Three or more authors: (Rutgers et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Biodiversity
Abbreviation	Mar. Biodivers.
ISSN (print)	1867-1616
ISSN (online)	1867-1624
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography