How to format your references using the Marine Biodiversity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Biodiversity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dickson D (2000) Mathematicians chase the seven million-dollar proofs. Nature 405:383

A journal article with 2 authors

Pennycook SJ, Kalinin SV (2014) Microscopy: Hasten high resolution. Nature 515:487–488

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee KJ, Dietrich P, Jessell TM (2000) Genetic ablation reveals that the roof plate is essential for dorsal interneuron specification. Nature 403:734–740

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Eubank S, Guclu H, Kumar VSA, et al (2004) Modelling disease outbreaks in realistic urban social networks. Nature 429:180–184

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Krishnan V (2006) Probability and Random Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Yin R (ed) (2009) An Integrated Assessment of China’s Ecological Restoration Programs. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Herranz J, Laguillaumie F, Libert B, Ràfols C (2012) Short Attribute-Based Signatures for Threshold Predicates. In: Dunkelman O (ed) Topics in Cryptology – CT-RSA 2012: The Cryptographers’ Track at the RSA Conference 2012, San Francisco, CA, USA, February 27 – March 2, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 51–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Biodiversity.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Mammals Began To Take Over The World Long Before The Dinosaurs Perished. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/mammals-began-to-take-over-the-world-long-before-the-dinosaurs-perished/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999) Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Federal Government Making Progress But Critical Issues Must Still Be Addressed to Minimize Disruptions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dobbs J (2017) The Potential Use of PEI Modified Biochar for Different Environmental Applications. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Endrst J (2016) Hugh O’Brian, Dashing Leading Man Remembered for ‘Wyatt Earp,’ Dies at 91. New York Times B6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dickson 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Dickson 2000; Pennycook and Kalinin 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pennycook and Kalinin 2014)
Three or more authors: (Eubank et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Biodiversity
Abbreviation	Mar. Biodivers.
ISSN (print)	1867-1616
ISSN (online)	1867-1624
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography