How to format your references using the Marine Biodiversity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Biodiversity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

van der Hilst RD (2004) Geophysics. Changing views on Earth’s deep mantle. Science 306:817–818

A journal article with 2 authors

Latch DE, McNeill K (2006) Microheterogeneity of singlet oxygen distributions in irradiated humic acid solutions. Science 311:1743–1747

A journal article with 3 authors

Dutzler R, Campbell EB, MacKinnon R (2003) Gating the selectivity filter in ClC chloride channels. Science 300:108–112

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Hennige SJ, Morrison CL, Form AU, et al (2014) Self-recognition in corals facilitates deep-sea habitat engineering. Sci Rep 4:6782

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Basener WF (2006) Topology and Its Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Huang TS, Sebe N, Lew MS, et al (eds) (2006) Computer Vision in Human-Computer Interaction: ECCV 2006 Workshop on HCI, Graz, Austria, May 13, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kakehi K, Matsuno Y-K (2011) Capillary Electrophoresis and Its Microchip Format for the Analysis of Glycosaminoglycans. In: Volpi N (ed) Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates: From Monosaccharides to Complex Polysaccharides. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp 83–103

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Biodiversity.

Blog post

Carpineti C (2017) Polar Bear Walks On a Treadmill For Science. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/polar-bear-walks-on-a-treadmill-for-science/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Financial Market Organizations Have Taken Steps to Protect against Electronic Attacks, but Could Take Additional Actions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Allen MW (2017) Popular Culture and War in the Vietnam Era. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2008) Young, Female, Energetic and, Now, Dean. New York Times LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (van der Hilst 2004).
This sentence cites two references (van der Hilst 2004; Latch and McNeill 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Latch and McNeill 2006)
Three or more authors: (Hennige et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Biodiversity
Abbreviation	Mar. Biodivers.
ISSN (print)	1867-1616
ISSN (online)	1867-1624
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography