How to format your references using the Malaria Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Malaria Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Collins FS. Research agenda. Opportunities for research and NIH. Science. 2010;327:36–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rivera LB, Bergers G. CANCER. Tumor angiogenesis, from foe to friend. Science. 2015;349:694–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Munday JN, Capasso F, Parsegian VA. Measured long-range repulsive Casimir-Lifshitz forces. Nature. 2009;457:170–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Krieger UK, Huthwelker T, Daniel C, Weers U, Peter T, Lanford WA. Rutherford backscattering to study the near-surface region of volatile liquids and solids. Science. 2002;295:1048–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rémond Y, Ahzi S, Baniassadi M, Garmestani H. Applied RVE Reconstruction and Homogenization of Heterogeneous Materials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Foster C. Altruism, Welfare and the Law. Herring J, editor. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Samad F, Badeanlou L, Shah C, Yang G. Adipose Tissue and Ceramide Biosynthesis in the Pathogenesis of Obesity. In: Cowart LA, editor. Sphingolipids and Metabolic Disease. New York, NY: Springer; 2011. p. 67–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Malaria Journal.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. 3D Printed Robot Takes Hoverbike Out For A Spin. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Government Civilian Aircraft: Central Management Reforms Are Encouraging but Require Extensive Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Sep. Report No.: GGD-89-86.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gruhl DK. Santa Rosa Adopt-A-Grandparent Plus program: A grant proposal project [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rothenberg B. Hyperactive Latvian ‘Not Afraid of Anything’ Makes Final. New York Times. 2017 Jun 8;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Malaria Journal
Abbreviation	Malar. J.
ISSN (online)	1475-2875
Scope	Parasitology Infectious Diseases