How to format your references using the Lung India citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Lung India. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Casti JL. Formally speaking. Nature. 2001 May 31;411(6837):527.

A journal article with 2 authors

Miller FD, Kaplan DR. Neurobiology. TRK makes the retrograde. Science. 2002 Feb 22;295(5559):1471–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Joughin I, Smith BE, Medley B. Marine ice sheet collapse potentially under way for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica. Science. 2014 May 16;344(6185):735–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu X, Yang ZY, Li Y, Hogerkorp CM, Schief WR, Seaman MS, et al. Rational design of envelope identifies broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1. Science. 2010 Aug 13;329(5993):856–61.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhang L, Peng M, Chang D, Xu Y. Dam Failure Mechanisms and Risk Assessment. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Holmes DE, Jain LC, editors. Innovations in Machine Learning: Theory and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. XVI, 276 p. (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing; vol. 194).

A chapter in an edited book

Findsen B. Developing a ‘Win-Win’ Scenario: Understanding How Older Workers’ Learning Can Be Enhanced Within Organisations. In: Short T, Harris R, editors. Workforce Development: Strategies and Practices. Singapore: Springer; 2014. p. 59–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Lung India.

Blog post

Andrew E. California Moves to Ban Religious and Personal Vaccine Exemptions [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/california-moves-ban-religious-and-personal-vaccine-exemptions/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Hazardous Weather Detection and Warning Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987 Jun. Report No.: T-RCED-87-38.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bannister RM. To What Extent Are the Grade Configurations of Middle/High Schools and High Schools Related to Student Engagement? [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly K. Another Goldman Executive Joins Administration. New York Times. 2017 Mar 15;A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Lung India
Abbreviation	Lung India
ISSN (print)	0970-2113
ISSN (online)	0974-598X
Scope	Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine