How to format your references using the Long Range Planning citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Long Range Planning. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kiick, K.L., 2007. Materials science. Polymer therapeutics. Science (New York, N.Y.) 317, 1182–1183.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barbi, E., Vaupel, J.W., 2005. Comment on “Inflammatory exposure and historical changes in human life-spans.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 308, 1743; author reply 1743.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ye, K., Malinina, L., Patel, D.J., 2003. Recognition of small interfering RNA by a viral suppressor of RNA silencing. Nature 426, 874–878.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Park, J.W., Lee, J.K., Sheu, K.M., Wang, L., Balanis, N.G., Nguyen, K., Smith, B.A., Cheng, C., Tsai, B.L., Cheng, D., Huang, J., Kurdistani, S.K., Graeber, T.G., Witte, O.N., 2018. Reprogramming normal human epithelial tissues to a common, lethal neuroendocrine cancer lineage. Science (New York, N.Y.) 362, 91–95.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chinesta, F., Cescotto, S., Cueto, E., Lorong, P., 2013. Natural Element Method for the Simulation of Structures and Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Matera, M., Rossi, G. (Eds.), 2013. Trends in Mobile Web Information Systems: MobiWIS 2013 International Workshops, Paphos, Cyprus, August 26-28, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Hicks, S., 2012. The Funding of Higher Education in England, in: Bell, G., Warwick, J., Galbraith, P. (Eds.), Higher Education Management and Operational Research: Demonstrating New Practices and Metaphors. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp. 79–94.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Long Range Planning.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. Antibody Therapy That Prevents Neurological Damage In Mice Could Help With Alzheimer’s [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/antibody-therapy/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Secret Service Has More Computer Capacity Than It Needs (No. GGD-81-43). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moore, J., 2012. Recall after conscious sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures and its effect on patient satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2007. 2 Russian Churches, Split by War, Reuniting. New York Times A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kiick, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Barbi and Vaupel, 2005; Kiick, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Barbi and Vaupel, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Park et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Long Range Planning
Abbreviation	Long Range Plann.
ISSN (print)	0024-6301
Scope	Strategy and Management Finance Geography, Planning and Development