How to format your references using the Leprosy Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Leprosy Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott A. Concern raised for missing biologist. Nature. 2001 Nov 29;414(6863):475.

A journal article with 2 authors

Butler D, Pockley P. Monsanto makes rice genome public. Nature. 2000 Apr 6;404(6778):534.

A journal article with 3 authors

Toda S, Stein RS, Sagiya T. Evidence from the AD 2000 Izu islands earthquake swarm that stressing rate governs seismicity. Nature. 2002 Sep 5;419(6902):58–61.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Janvier P, Desbiens S, Willett JA, Arsenault M. Lamprey-like gills in a gnathostome-related Devonian jawless vertebrate. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1183–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anderson SK, Handelsman MM. Ethics for Psychotherapists and Counselors. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2009.

An edited book

Clark JA, Paige RF, Polack FAC, Brooke PJ, editors. Security in Pervasive Computing: Third International Conference, SPC 2006, York, UK, April 18-21, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. X, 243 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 3934).

A chapter in an edited book

Moraux F, Richard A. What Moves Euro-Bund Futures Contracts on Eurex? Surprises! In: Dufrénot G, Jawadi F, Louhichi W, editors. Market Microstructure and Nonlinear Dynamics: Keeping Financial Crisis in Context. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 129–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Leprosy Review.

Blog post

Andrew E. One drug to rule them all: New medication could treat wide range of diseases [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2013 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/one-drug-rule-them-all-new-medication-could-treat-wide-range-diseases/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Program: Space Debris a Potential Threat to Space Station and Shuttle. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Apr. Report No.: IMTEC-90-18.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chiu YYL. Multicultural educational policies: A correlational investigation of cultural competencies and feelings of inclusion [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich JR. Centuries Later, Delivering a Sibling to Beethoven. New York Times. 2017 Apr 21;C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Leprosy Review
Abbreviation	Lepr. Rev.
ISSN (print)	0305-7518
Scope	General Medicine