How to format your references using the Leisure/Loisir citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Leisure/Loisir. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith, C. (2003). Drug target validation: Hitting the target. Nature, 422(6929), 341, 343, 345 passim.

A journal article with 2 authors

Paul, S. M., & Beitel, G. J. (2003). Developmental biology. Tubulogenesis CLICs into place. Science (New York, N.Y.), 302(5653), 2077–2078.

A journal article with 3 authors

Klöckner, H.-R., Baan, W. A., & Garrett, M. A. (2003). Investigation of the obscuring circumnuclear torus in the active galaxy Mrk231. Nature, 421(6925), 821–823.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Yang, J., Smith, M. R., Lan, T., Hou, J.-B., & Zhang, X.-G. (2014). Articulated Wiwaxia from the Cambrian Stage 3 Xiaoshiba lagerstätte. Scientific Reports, 4, 4643.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Safonov, V. O. (2016). Trustworthy Cloud Computing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kutrib, M., Moreira, N., & Reis, R. (Eds.). (2012). Descriptional Complexity of Formal Systems: 14th International Workshop, DCFS 2012, Braga, Portugal, July 23-25, 2012. Proceedings (Vol. 7386). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Dorey, P., & Garnett, M. (2016). Welfare Reform. In M. Garnett (Ed.), The British Coalition Government, 2010-2015: A Marriage of Inconvenience (pp. 137–178). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Leisure/Loisir.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2016, September 13). The Moon May Be Triggering The World’s Most Powerful Earthquakes. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/moon-triggering-worlds-most-powerful-earthquakes/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1982). Department of Commerce Could Save $24.6 Million by Modifying Computer Procurement Actions (CED-82-81). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kuqi, K. (2013). A matrix-Based Method for Optimizing the User Interface Design of Electronic Medical Record Systems [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2017, January 6). Fangs, Fur and Plenty of Firepower. New York Times, C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smith, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Paul & Beitel, 2003; Smith, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Paul & Beitel, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Yang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Leisure/Loisir
Abbreviation	Leisure (Waterloo)
ISSN (print)	1492-7713
ISSN (online)	2151-2221
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management Geography, Planning and Development