How to format your references using the Leadership and Management in Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Leadership and Management in Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Coaker, G. 2014. “Botany. Pathogen specialization.” Science, 343 (6170): 496–497.

A journal article with 2 authors

Turner, S. L., and A. Ray. 2009. “Modification of CO2 avoidance behaviour in Drosophila by inhibitory odorants.” Nature, 461 (7261): 277–281.

A journal article with 3 authors

Penmatsa, A., K. H. Wang, and E. Gouaux. 2013. “X-ray structure of dopamine transporter elucidates antidepressant mechanism.” Nature, 503 (7474): 85–90.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, J., H.-S. Wang, K. Wang, F.-B. Wang, and X.-H. Xia. 2014. “Ice crystals growth driving assembly of porous nitrogen-doped graphene for catalyzing oxygen reduction probed by in situ fluorescence electrochemistry.” Sci. Rep., 4: 6723.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Loriaux, D. L. 2016. A Biographical History of Endocrinology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Nührenbörger, M. 2016. Design Science and Its Importance in the German Mathematics Educational Discussion. ICME-13 Topical Surveys, (B. Rösken-Winter, C. I. Fung, R. Schwarzkopf, E. C. Wittmann, K. Akinwunmi, F. Lensing, and F. Schacht, eds.). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Müller, I., J. Han, J.-G. Schneider, and S. Versteeg. 2009. “A Conceptual Framework for Unified and Comprehensive SOA Management.” Service-Oriented Computing – ICSOC 2008 Workshops: ICSOC 2008 International Workshops, Sydney, Australia, December 1st, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, G. Feuerlicht and W. Lamersdorf, eds., 28–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Leadership and Management in Engineering.

Blog post

Evans, K. 2016. “Even Remote Deep-Sea Animals Are Ingesting Microplastics, Study Finds.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Electronic Signature: Sanction of the Department of State’s System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laffitte, L. 2012. “A Comparison of Pull-Out and Co-Teaching Models on the Reading Performance of Third through Fifth Grade Elementary Students with a Diagnosed Specific Learning Disability in Reading.” Doctoral dissertation. Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M. 2017. “‘The Third Tenor’ Exits.” New York Times, September 22, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Coaker 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Coaker 2014; Turner and Ray 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Turner and Ray 2009)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Leadership and Management in Engineering
Abbreviation	Lead.. Manag. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1532-6748
ISSN (online)	1943-5630
Scope	Strategy and Management Management Science and Operations Research Civil and Structural Engineering