How to format your references using the Large-scale Assessments in Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Large-scale Assessments in Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shear, W. A. (2000). Jane Gray (1929-2000). Nature, 405(6782), 34.

A journal article with 2 authors

Abercrombie, R. E., & Ekström, G. (2001). Earthquake slip on oceanic transform faults. Nature, 410(6824), 74–77.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, J. M., Smith, J., & Wolfe, J. (2008). Experienced saxophonists learn to tune their vocal tracts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5864), 776.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Badano, J. L., Leitch, C. C., Ansley, S. J., May-Simera, H., Lawson, S., Lewis, R. A., et al. (2006). Dissection of epistasis in oligogenic Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Nature, 439(7074), 326–330.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

DiBerardinis, L. J., Baum, J. S., First, M. W., Gatwood, G. T., & Seth, A. K. (2013). Guidelines for Laboratory Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Magedanz, T., Karmouch, A., Pierre, S., & Venieris, I. (Eds.). (2005). Mobility Aware Technologies and Applications: Second International Workshop, MATA 2005, Montreal, Canada, October 17-19, 2005. Proceedings (Vol. 3744). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Anaya, J., Chalopin, J., Czyzowicz, J., Labourel, A., Pelc, A., & Vaxès, Y. (2012). Collecting Information by Power-Aware Mobile Agents. In M. K. Aguilera (Ed.), Distributed Computing: 26th International Symposium, DISC 2012, Salvador, Brazil, October 16-18, 2012. Proceedings (pp. 46–60). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Large-scale Assessments in Education.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, November 3). Wolf Spotted In Grand Canyon For The First Time In 70 Years. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/wolf-returns-grand-canyon/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1977). The Lummi Indian School of Aquaculture (No. HRD-77-108). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laird, T. (2008). Risk and protective factors associated with adjudicated versus non -adjudicated youths arrested for substance use (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L. (2006, January 1). Putting the Pan in Pan-American. New York Times, p. 14LI8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shear 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Abercrombie and Ekström 2001; Shear 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Abercrombie and Ekström 2001)
Three or more authors: (Badano et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Large-scale Assessments in Education
Abbreviation	Large Scale Assess. Educ.
ISSN (online)	2196-0739
Scope