How to format your references using the Language, Culture and Curriculum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Language, Culture and Curriculum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith, D. J. (2006). Predictability and preparedness in influenza control. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5772), 392–394.

A journal article with 2 authors

Xu, W., & Südhof, T. C. (2013). A neural circuit for memory specificity and generalization. Science (New York, N.Y.), 339(6125), 1290–1295.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zenkin, N., Yuzenkova, Y., & Severinov, K. (2006). Transcript-assisted transcriptional proofreading. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5786), 518–520.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Imai, K. S., Levine, M., Satoh, N., & Satou, Y. (2006). Regulatory blueprint for a chordate embryo. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5777), 1183–1187.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Freeman, R. L. (2005). Telecommunication System Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lupu, M., Mayer, K., Tait, J., & Trippe, A. J. (Eds.). (2011). Current Challenges in Patent Information Retrieval (Vol. 29). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Dye, D. H., & Keel, M. F. (2012). The Portrayal of Native American Violence and Warfare: Who Speaks for the Past? In R. J. Chacon & R. G. Mendoza (Eds.), The Ethics of Anthropology and Amerindian Research: Reporting on Environmental Degradation and Warfare (pp. 51–72). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Language, Culture and Curriculum.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, February 1). Remains Of Soft Tissue May Have Been Found Inside A 195-Million-Year-Old Dinosaur Rib. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/remains-of-soft-tissue-may-have-been-found-inside-a-195millionyearold-dinosaur-rib/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1975). Pilot Cities Program: Phaseout Needed Due To Limited National Benefits (GGD-75-16). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schwartz, D. A. (2017). Safe Travels? An Examination of the Search and Rescue Policies and Capabilities in the Northwest Passage Region [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker, L. (2005, December 25). Spurring Urban Growth in Vancouver, One Family at a Time. New York Times, 1111.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smith, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Smith, 2006; Xu & Südhof, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Xu & Südhof, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Imai et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Language, Culture and Curriculum
Abbreviation	Lang. Cult. Curric.
ISSN (print)	0790-8318
ISSN (online)	1747-7573
Scope	Language and Linguistics Education Linguistics and Language