How to format your references using the Labour Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Labour Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Watanabe, M., 2005. Immunology goes global. Nature 435, 1282–1283.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gibbs, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., 2006. Molecular virology: was the 1918 pandemic caused by a bird flu? Nature 440, E8; discussion E9-10.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ye, J., Kimble, H.J., Katori, H., 2008. Quantum state engineering and precision metrology using state-insensitive light traps. Science 320, 1734–1738.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Song, J.-J., Smith, S.K., Hannon, G.J., Joshua-Tor, L., 2004. Crystal structure of Argonaute and its implications for RISC slicer activity. Science 305, 1434–1437.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Posudin, Y., 2014. Methods of Measuring Environmental Parameters. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Deng, Z., Gopinathan, S., Lee, C.K.-E. (Eds.), 2013. Globalization and the Singapore Curriculum: From Policy to Classroom, Education Innovation Series. Springer, Singapore.

A chapter in an edited book

Abbasi, S., Manteghi, S., Heidarzadegan, A., Nemati, Y., Parvin, H., 2015. A Robust Clustering via Swarm Intelligence, in: Gervasi, O., Murgante, B., Misra, S., Gavrilova, M.L., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Torre, C., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O. (Eds.), Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2015: 15th International Conference, Banff, AB, Canada, June 22-25, 2015, Proceedings, Part II, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 55–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Labour Economics.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2014. Electrical Signals Change Monkey’s Choices [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/electrical-signals-change-monkeys-choices/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2000. Revisions to OMB’s Circular A-130 (No. AIMD-00-183R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, J.A., 2010. Functional analysis of ESAT-6 and EspB, two virulence proteins secreted by the ESX-1 system in Mycobacterium marinum (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dominus, S., 2015. Refusing My Religion. New York Times BR10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Watanabe, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Gibbs and Gibbs, 2006; Watanabe, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gibbs and Gibbs, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Song et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Labour Economics
Abbreviation	Labour Econ.
ISSN (print)	0927-5371
Scope	Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Economics and Econometrics