How to format your references using the Kerala Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Kerala Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gotta M. Journal club. A cell biologist connects her research to bacterial brain invasion. Nature 2010;463(7278):139.

A journal article with 2 authors

Li R, Wang Y. Neural mechanism for sensing fast motion in dim light. Sci Rep 2013;3:3159.

A journal article with 3 authors

Feurer T, Vaughan JC, Nelson KA. Spatiotemporal coherent control of lattice vibrational waves. Science 2003;299(5605):374–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Schaefer BF, Turner S, Parkinson I, Rogers N, Hawkesworth C. Evidence for recycled Archaean oceanic mantle lithosphere in the Azores plume. Nature 2002;420(6913):304–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ahonen TT, Kasper T, Melkko S. 3G Marketing. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Singh AD, Damato B, editors. Clinical Ophthalmic Oncology: Basic Principles and Diagnostic Techniques. 2nd ed. 2014. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Vlachou A, Doulkeridis C, Nørvåg K, Kotidis Y. Similarity Search in Metric Spaces. In: Doulkeridis C, Nørvåg K, Kotidis Y, editors. Peer-to-Peer Query Processing over Multidimensional Data. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. page 31–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Kerala Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Marriage of Ancient and Modern Makes Rosetta Mission a True Space Odyssey [Internet]. IFLScience2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/marriage-ancient-and-modern-makes-rosetta-mission-true-space-odyssey/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. UMTA’s Research and Development Program Should Pay Closer Attention to Transit Industry Needs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Younis KM. The impact of moral values on ethical practices in environmental management. 2013;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM, Koblin J. Fox Settles Sex Harassment Suit as Another Host Abruptly Exits. New York Times2016;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference ^[1].
This sentence cites two references ^[1,2].
This sentence cites four references ^[1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Kerala Journal of Ophthalmology
ISSN (print)	0976-6677
Scope