How to format your references using the JPhys Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JPhys Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schiermeier Q 2005 Small is beautiful Nature 435 532–3

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Arimoto T and Sato Y 2012 Science and society. Rebuilding public trust in science for policy-making Science 337 1176–7

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Solter L F, Kyei-Poku G K and Johny S 2013 Comment on “Invasive harlequin ladybird carries biological weapons against native competitors” Science 341 1342

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Huang P-R, He Y, Cao C and Lu Z-H 2014 Impact of lattice distortion and electron doping on α-MoO3 electronic structure Sci. Rep. 4 7131

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Langton R 2006 Stability and Control of Aircraft Systems (Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd)

An edited book

[1]

Layton W J 2012 Approximate Deconvolution Models of Turbulence: Analysis, Phenomenology and Numerical Analysis vol 2042, ed L Rebholz (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Acquisti A 2010 From the Economics to the Behavioral Economics of Privacy: A Note Ethics and Policy of Biometrics: Third International Conference on Ethics and Policy of Biometrics and International Data Sharing, ICEB 2010, Hong Kong, January 4-5, 2010. Revised Papers Lecture Notes in Computer Science ed A Kumar and D Zhang (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer) pp 23–6

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JPhys Energy.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E 2014 A Lab In South Korea Will Clone Your Dog For $100,000 IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1971 Need To Strengthen Management Control Over the Basic Research Program Administered by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Chhun S 2010 Assessing the role of vacuolar trafficking in fifteen candidate env genes at the late endosome to vacuole interface in S. cerevisiae Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Oestreich J R 2016 Venice by Way of New York New York Times AR46

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	JPhys Energy
ISSN (online)	2515-7655
Scope