How to format your references using the Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Lemstra PJ. Materials science. Confined polymers crystallize. Science. 2009;323(5915):725–726.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Yagi K, Yunes N. I-Love-Q: unexpected universal relations for neutron stars and quark stars. Science. 2013;341(6144):365–368.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ni S, Kanamori H, Helmberger D. Seismology: energy radiation from the Sumatra earthquake. Nature. 2005;434(7033):582.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Sipilä M, Berndt T, Petäjä T, Brus D, Vanhanen J, Stratmann F, Patokoski J, Mauldin RL 3rd, Hyvärinen A-P, Lihavainen H, Kulmala M. The role of sulfuric acid in atmospheric nucleation. Science. 2010;327(5970):1243–1246.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stewart R. Plautus and Roman Slavery. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2012.

An edited book

1. Tsukahara H, Kaneko K (eds.). Studies on Pediatric Disorders. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. XII, 494 p. 115 illus., 53 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kyriazopoulou C. Architectures and Requirements for the Development of Smart Cities: A Literature Study. In: Helfert M, Krempels K-H, Klein C, Donellan B, Guiskhin O (eds.). Smart Cities, Green Technologies, and Intelligent Transport Systems: 4th International Conference, SMARTGREENS 2015, and 1st International Conference VEHITS 2015, Lisbon, Portugal, May 20-22, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 75–103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Cause Of Mysterious “Nodding Syndrome” May Have Been Discovered [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/cause-of-mysterious-nodding-syndrome-may-have-been-discovered/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Teenage Prostitution and Child Pornography. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982 Jun. Report No.: 118734.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McClain R. The role of spirituality/religiosity in the lives of people who are hearing impaired [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B. Pink’s Latest Album Tops Billboard Chart. New York Times. 2017;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,6–8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
Abbreviation	J. Zoo Wildl. Med.
ISSN (print)	1042-7260
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology General Medicine General Veterinary

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