How to format your references using the Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Cohen-Cory S. The developing synapse: construction and modulation of synaptic structures and circuits. Science. 2002;298(5594):770–776.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rai AK, Cook-Deegan R. Genetics. Moving beyond “isolated” gene patents. Science. 2013;341(6142):137–138.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Drell SD, Shultz GP, Andreasen SP. Nuclear safety. A safer nuclear enterprise. Science. 2012;336(6086):1236.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Tateishi K, Okada Y, Kallin EM, Zhang Y. Role of Jhdm2a in regulating metabolic gene expression and obesity resistance. Nature. 2009;458(7239):757–761.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Vegh A. Web Development with the Mac®. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

1. Medina LS, Applegate KE, Blackmore CC (eds.). Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics: Optimizing Imaging in Pediatric Patient Care. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. XXII, 666 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Liu Y-C, Lu S-J. An Investigation of Function Based Design Considering Affordances in Conceptual Design of Mechanical Movement. In: Harris D (ed.). Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: 8th International Conference, EPCE 2009, Held as Part of HCI International 2009, San Diego, CA, USA, July 19-24, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 43–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Antibiotic Resistance Now A Global Threat According To Latest WHO Report [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/antibiotic-resistance-now-global-threat-according-latest-who-report/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Freight Transportation: Developing National Strategy Would Benefit from Added Focus on Community Congestion Impacts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Sep. Report No.: GAO-14-740.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Potter RH. Marx Generator Charged via Biperiodic Resonant Cascaded Transformers [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly M. THE TRANSITION: The President-Elect; CLINTON, SKETCHING PLAN FOR ECONOMY, COUNSELS PATIENCE. New York Times. 1992;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ².
This sentence cites two references ^2,4.
This sentence cites four references ^2,5,6,8.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
Abbreviation	J. Zoo Wildl. Med.
ISSN (print)	1042-7260
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology General Medicine General Veterinary