How to format your references using the Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mikaloff-Fletcher, S. E. 2015. “CLIMATE. An increasing carbon sink?” Science, 349 (6253): 1165.

A journal article with 2 authors

Strain, A. J., and J. M. Neuberger. 2002. “A bioartificial liver--state of the art.” Science, 295 (5557): 1005–1009.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fuda, N. J., M. B. Ardehali, and J. T. Lis. 2009. “Defining mechanisms that regulate RNA polymerase II transcription in vivo.” Nature, 461 (7261): 186–192.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hori, M., A. Sótér, D. Barna, A. Dax, R. Hayano, S. Friedreich, B. Juhász, T. Pask, E. Widmann, D. Horváth, L. Venturelli, and N. Zurlo. 2011. “Two-photon laser spectroscopy of antiprotonic helium and the antiproton-to-electron mass ratio.” Nature, 475 (7357): 484–488.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wells, R. 2004. Global Credit Management. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Hickman, H., and B. J. Porfilio (Eds.). 2012. The New Politics of the Textbook: Critical Analysis in the Core Content Areas. Constructing Knowledge, Curriculum Studies in Action. Rotterdam: SensePublishers.

A chapter in an edited book

Boccara, C., and R. Carminati. 2007. “Near-Field Optics: From Experiment to Theory.” Nanoscience: Nanotechnologies and Nanophysics, C. Dupas, P. Houdy, and M. Lahmani, eds., 121–156. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering.

Blog post

Fang, J. 2015. “Why Did Ichthyosaurs Go Extinct?” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-did-ichthyosaurs-become-extinct/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Manufacturing Extension Partnership: Most Federal Spending Directly Supports Work with Manufacturers, but Distribution Could Be Improved. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hitchings, J. D. 2008. “Teachers’ perceptions of evidence-based decision making: A case study of three schools in British Columbia.” Doctoral dissertation. Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. 2006. “Warming Up to Sausage and Dogs.” New York Times, July 14, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mikaloff-Fletcher 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Mikaloff-Fletcher 2015; Strain and Neuberger 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Strain and Neuberger 2002)
Three or more authors: (Hori et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Waterway Port Coast. Ocean Eng.
ISSN (print)	0733-950X
ISSN (online)	1943-5460
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Ocean Engineering Water Science and Technology