How to format your references using the Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

DeMello A. J. 2006 Control and detection of chemical reactions in microfluidic systems. Nature, 442(7101), 394–402.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maillard I., Saltiel A. R. 2015 Metabolism: Inflammation keeps old mice healthy. Nature, 528(7580), 44–46.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ng B., Cai W., Walsh K. 2014 The role of the SST-thermocline relationship in Indian Ocean Dipole skewness and its response to global warming. Scientific Reports, 4, 6034.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Drin G., Morello V., Casella J.-F., Gounon P., Antonny B. 2008 Asymmetric tethering of flat and curved lipid membranes by a golgin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5876), 670–673.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simmons M., Dalgleish E. 2006 Corporate Actions. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK, p.

An edited book

Joost H.-G. (Ed.) 2012 Appetite Control (Vol. 209). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, p.

A chapter in an edited book

Rohde M., Wulf V. 2013 CSCL@Networking: Regional Learning in Software Industries. In: Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning at the Workplace: CSCL@Work, S. P. Goggins, I. Jahnke, & V. Wulf (eds.). Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 65–87.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015, August 4 Drones Could Be Used To Fly Blood Samples To Remote Medical Centers. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/drones-could-be-used-fly-blood-samples-remote-medical-centers/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1997 Transportation Issue Area: Active Assignments (No. AA-97-18(3)). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ellis G. S. 2012 Compound-Specific Stable Isotopic Analysis of Protein Amino Acids: Ecological Applications in Modern and Ancient Systems (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) S. K. 2002, September 7 World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Cooperation, Of Sorts, From Georgia. New York Times, p. A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (DeMello 2006).
This sentence cites two references (DeMello 2006; Maillard & Saltiel 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maillard & Saltiel 2015)
Three authors: (Ng, Cai, & Walsh 2014)
6 or more authors: (Drin, Morello, Casella, Gounon, & Antonny 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
Abbreviation	J. Water Sanit. Hyg. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2043-9083
ISSN (online)	2408-9362
Scope	Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Development