How to format your references using the Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jarrold M. F. 2000 The smallest fullerene. Nature, 407(6800), 26–27.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ardejani M. S., Orner B. P. 2013 Materials science. Obey the peptide assembly rules. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340(6132), 561–562.

A journal article with 3 authors

Russell S. H., Hancock M. P., McCullough J. 2007 The pipeline. Benefits of undergraduate research experiences. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5824), 548–549.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Peleg S., Sananbenesi F., Zovoilis A., Burkhardt S., Bahari-Javan S., Agis-Balboa R. C., Cota P., Wittnam J. L., Gogol-Doering A., Opitz L., Salinas-Riester G., Dettenhofer M., Kang H., Farinelli L., Chen W., Fischer A. 2010 Altered histone acetylation is associated with age-dependent memory impairment in mice. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5979), 753–756.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Valizadeh P. 2016 Field Effect Transistors, A Comprehensive Overview. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, p.

An edited book

Loh C. S., Sheng Y., Ifenthaler D. (Eds.) 2015 Serious Games Analytics: Methodologies for Performance Measurement, Assessment, and Improvement. Springer International Publishing, Cham, p.

A chapter in an edited book

Aral A., Gupta V., Agarwal R. P. 2013 q-Summation–Integral Operators. In: Applications of q-Calculus in Operator Theory, V. Gupta & R. P. Agarwal (eds.). Springer, New York, NY, pp. 145–194.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015, August 28 Pioneers Of Quantum Computing Are Among The 2015 Eureka Prize Winners. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/pioneers-quantum-computing-are-among-2015-eureka-prize-winners/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 2001 Public Assistance: PARIS Project Can Help States Reduce Improper Benefit Payments (No. GAO-01-935). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Scaringe J. G. 2010 An investigation into the faculty development practices in chiropractic education programs (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bray C., Corkery M. 2017, July 19 Citigroup Said to Open Frankfurt Hub in Post-‘Brexit’ Move. New York Times, p. B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Jarrold 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Jarrold 2000; Ardejani & Orner 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ardejani & Orner 2013)
Three authors: (Russell, Hancock, & McCullough 2007)
6 or more authors: (Peleg et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
Abbreviation	J. Water Sanit. Hyg. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2043-9083
ISSN (online)	2408-9362
Scope	Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Development