How to format your references using the Journal of Visual Languages and Computing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visual Languages and Computing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteDownload the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
[1]
C. Both, Comment on “Rapid advance of spring arrival dates in long-distance migratory birds,” Science 315 (2007) 598; author reply 598.
A journal article with 2 authors
[1]
K.E. Dorfman, S. Mukamel, Indistinguishability and correlations of photons generated by quantum emitters undergoing spectral diffusion, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 3996.
A journal article with 3 authors
[1]
D. Klahr, C. Zimmerman, J. Jirout, Educational interventions to advance children’s scientific thinking, Science 333 (2011) 971–975.
A journal article with 4 or more authors
[1]
A. Tagaya, H. Ohkita, M. Mukoh, R. Sakaguchi, Y. Koike, Compensation of the birefringence of a polymer by a birefringent crystal, Science 301 (2003) 812–814.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
[1]
T. Oyama, Post-Crisis Risk Management, John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2 Clementi Loop, #02-01, Singapore 129809, 2010.
An edited book
[1]
L. Frazier, E. Gibson, eds., Explicit and Implicit Prosody in Sentence Processing: Studies in Honor of Janet Dean Fodor, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.
A chapter in an edited book
[1]
X. Declèves, N. Strazielle, J.-M. Scherrmann, J.-F. Ghersi-Egea, Drug Metabolism at the Blood–Brain and Blood–CSF Barriers, in: M. Hammarlund-Udenaes, E.C.M. de Lange, R.G. Thorne (Eds.), Drug Delivery to the Brain: Physiological Concepts, Methodologies and Approaches, Springer, New York, NY, 2014: pp. 101–124.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visual Languages and Computing.

Blog post
[1]
T. Hale, Fatal Road Crashes Involving Stoned Drivers Doubled In Washington After Legalization, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
[1]
Government Accountability Office, Pilot Cities Program: Phaseout Needed Due To Limited National Benefits, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1975.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
[1]
J. Herron, The Use of Evidence Based Interventions in the Classroom for Students with Disabilities, Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
[1]
K. Crow, Sooners’ Student Spirit Club Tries to Be Neither Too Raucous Nor Too Tame, New York Times (2001) D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal titleJournal of Visual Languages and Computing
AbbreviationJ. Vis. Lang. Comput.
ISSN (print)1045-926X
ScopeLanguage and Linguistics
Computer Science Applications
Human-Computer Interaction

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