How to format your references using the Journal of Vision citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Vision. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lakhdar, Z. B. (2005). Global voices of science. Following the light: opening doors to science in Tunisia. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5753), 1435–1437.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zou, L., & Elledge, S. J. (2003). Sensing DNA damage through ATRIP recognition of RPA-ssDNA complexes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5625), 1542–1548.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang, J.-W., Zhuang, X., & Rabczuk, T. (2013). Orientation dependent thermal conductance in single-layer MoS2. Scientific Reports, 3, 2209.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Whicker, F. W., Hinton, T. G., MacDonell, M. M., Pinder, J. E., 3rd, & Habegger, L. J. (2004). Environment. Avoiding destructive remediation at DOE sites. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5664), 1615–1616.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Todinov, M. (2015). Reliability and Risk Models. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Gabryś-Barker, D., & Gałajda, D. (Eds.). (2016). Positive Psychology Perspectives on Foreign Language Learning and Teaching. Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Bruce, N., Kim, T.-Y., & Lee, H. J. (2012). Data Link Layer’ Security Analysis for Wireless Sensor Networks. In T.-H. Kim, D.-S. Ko, T. Vasilakos, A. Stoica, & J. Abawajy (Eds.), Computer Applications for Communication, Networking, and Digital Contents: International Conferences, FGCN and DCA 2012, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2012, Gangneug, Korea, December 16-19, 2012. Proceedings (pp. 25–32). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Vision.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2017, January 26). Has Metallic Hydrogen Been Achieved For The First Time? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/metallic-hydrogen-achieved-for-the-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1972). Opportunity To Improve Indian Education in Schools Operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (B-161468). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramakrishnan, L. (2009). Multi-level adaptation for performability in dynamic web service workflows [Doctoral dissertation]. Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2016, December 29). The Listings; Film Series. New York Times, C28.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lakhdar, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Lakhdar, 2005; Zou & Elledge, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zou & Elledge, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Whicker et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Vision
Abbreviation	J. Vis.
ISSN (online)	1534-7362
Scope	Ophthalmology Sensory Systems