How to format your references using the Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smaglik P. Central stations. Nature 2005;433:439.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Schirle NT, MacRae IJ. The crystal structure of human Argonaute2. Science 2012;336:1037–40.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Terry LJ, Shows EB, Wente SR. Crossing the nuclear envelope: hierarchical regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Science 2007;318:1412–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Cayirlioglu P, Kadow IG, Zhan X, Okamura K, Suh GSB, Gunning D, et al. Hybrid neurons in a microRNA mutant are putative evolutionary intermediates in insect CO2 sensory systems. Science 2008;319:1256–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Thériault M, Rosiers FD. Modeling Urban Dynamics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

McConnell P, Lin SM, Hurban P, editors. Methods of Microarray Data Analysis V. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Morris GL. Sediment Management and Sustainable Use of Reservoirs. In: Wang LK, Yang CT, editors. Modern Water Resources Engineering, Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2014, p. 279–337.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Enormous Centipede Spotted in Texas. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/huge-centipede-found-garner-state-park-texas/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Implementing the Small Business Innovation Development Act--The First 2 Years. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Creason PJ. The assessment of student learning outcomes at a California community college: Insight from faculty in a single department. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Walsh MW. U.S. Faulted Over Pay at Rescued Firms. New York Times 2012:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases
ISSN (print)	2352-667X
Scope