How to format your references using the Journal of Urban Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Urban Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Percy AK. Neuroscience. Path to treat Rett syndrome. Science. 2013;342:318–20.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Roderick ML, Farquhar GD. The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years. Science. 2002;298:1410–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Spurný P, Oberst J, Heinlein D. Photographic observations of Neuschwanstein, a second meteorite from the orbit of the Príbram chondrite. Nature. 2003;423:151–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Choi D, Jang Y, Lee J, Jeong GH, Whang D, Hwang SW, et al. Diameter-controlled and surface-modified Sb₂Se₃ nanowires and their photodetector performance. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6714.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. DeMaris A. Regression with Social Data: Modeling Continuous and Limited Response Variables. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2004.

An edited book

1. Eshach H, editor. Science Literacy in Primary Schools and Pre-Schools. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Veronesi G. Thoracic Surgery. In: Spinoglio G, editor. Robotic Surgery: Current Applications and New Trends. Milano: Springer; 2015. p. 29–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Urban Health.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. Astronomers Spot Closest Star In Orbit Around A Black Hole. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: TSA Has Taken Steps to Improve Oversight of Key Programs, but Additional Actions Are Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015 Jun. Report No.: GAO-15-678T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Nikolova S. Health insurance transitions of SCHIP-eligible children in response to higher public premiums [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Gustines GG, Kepler AW. Not All Superheroes Are Equal (At Least the Second Time Around). New York Times. 2011 Oct 1;C5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Urban Health
Abbreviation	J. Urban Health
ISSN (print)	1099-3460
ISSN (online)	1468-2869
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health(social science)