How to format your references using the Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May, R., 2007. Tony Blair’s era: good news, bad news. Nature 447, 1053.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bintanja, R., van de Wal, R.S.W., 2008. North American ice-sheet dynamics and the onset of 100,000-year glacial cycles. Nature 454, 869–872.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wagemaker, M., Kentgens, A.P.M., Mulder, F.M., 2002. Equilibrium lithium transport between nanocrystalline phases in intercalated TiO(2) anatase. Nature 418, 397–399.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kim, H., Rogers, M.J., Richmond, J.E., McIntire, S.L., 2004. SNF-6 is an acetylcholine transporter interacting with the dystrophin complex in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 430, 891–896.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kandel, H.G., 2005. Verfahrenstechnische Methoden in der Wirkstoffherstellung. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG.

An edited book

Abdulla, P.A., Leino, K.R.M. (Eds.), 2011. Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems: 17th International Conference, TACAS 2011, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2011, Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26–April 3, 2011. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Carroll, C., Booth, A., Papaioannou, D., Sutton, A., 2011. Experiences of E-Learning and Its Delivery Among Learners Who Work: A Systematic Review, in: Poell, R.F., Woerkom, M. van (Eds.), Supporting Workplace Learning: Towards Evidence-Based Practice. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 47–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2015. Pigeon Pecking Order Gets Them Home [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pigeon-pecking-order-gets-them-home/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2012. Motor Carrier Safety: New Applicant Reviews Should Expand to Identify Freight Carriers Evading Detection (No. GAO-12-364). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nye, K.M., 2010. Crème de Pêche (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Himelstein, L., 2017. Hotel Buffets, a Culprit of Waste, Get Downsized. New York Times D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (May, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Bintanja and van de Wal, 2008; May, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bintanja and van de Wal, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
Abbreviation	J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater.
ISSN (print)	1751-6161
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Mechanics of Materials Biomaterials