How to format your references using the Journal of the Energy Institute citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Energy Institute. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R.A. Miller, Biomedicine. The anti-aging sweepstakes: catalase runs for the ROSes, Science 308 (2005) 1875–1876.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. Messina, P. Ben-Abdallah, Graphene-based photovoltaic cells for near-field thermal energy conversion, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1383.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K. Dhakal, B. Black, S. Mohanty, Introduction of impermeable actin-staining molecules to mammalian cells by optoporation, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 6553.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

D.J.M. Kraemer, C.N. Macrae, A.E. Green, W.M. Kelley, Musical imagery: sound of silence activates auditory cortex, Nature 434 (2005) 158.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. Grous, Fracture Mechanics 1, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

G. Fasano, J.D. Pintér, eds., Space Engineering: Modeling and Optimization with Case Studies, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Spaeth, P. Hausberg, Can Open Source Hardware Disrupt Manufacturing Industries? The Role of Platforms and Trust in the Rise of 3D Printing, in: J.-P. Ferdinand, U. Petschow, S. Dickel (Eds.), The Decentralized and Networked Future of Value Creation: 3D Printing and Its Implications for Society, Industry, and Sustainable Development, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016: pp. 59–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Energy Institute.

Blog post

[1]

D. Andrew, Top 10 Insane Unexplained Scientific Discoveries, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Talking Books for the Blind, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

E.O. Kidder, Self-administered HPV Testing as a Cervical Cancer Screening Option: Exploring the Perspectives of Hispanic and Arab Women in the United States, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Poniewozik, A Test From the Political Comedy Gods, New York Times (2016) C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Energy Institute
ISSN (print)	1743-9671
Scope