How to format your references using the Journal of the Energy Institute citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the Energy Institute. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.J. Wilker, BIOLOGICAL ADHESIVES. Positive charges and underwater adhesion, Science 349 (2015) 582–583.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

L.R. Kump, D. Pollard, Amplification of Cretaceous warmth by biological cloud feedbacks, Science 320 (2008) 195.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

T. Meierbachtol, J. Harper, N. Humphrey, Basal drainage system response to increasing surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet, Science 341 (2013) 777–779.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Li, H. Zou, S. Guan, X. Gong, K. Li, Z. Di, C.-H. Lai, A coevolving model based on preferential triadic closure for social media networks, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2512.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

K.V. Rangarao, R.K. Mallik, Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

W. Leal Filho, A.O. Esilaba, K.P.C. Rao, G. Sridhar, eds., Adapting African Agriculture to Climate Change: Transforming Rural Livelihoods, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. Luyten, Dealing with Collaboration in Belgium After the Second World War: From Activism to Collaboration and Incivism, in: L. Israël, G. Mouralis (Eds.), Dealing with Wars and Dictatorships: Legal Concepts and Categories in Action, T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, 2014: pp. 59–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the Energy Institute.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Amazing Vine of Aurora Borealis As Seen By ISS, IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Education and Labor: Information on the Departments’ Field Offices, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. Sydow, A life review and Memory Album program to enhance family communication in assisted living, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Pilon, Tennessee Set to Drop Tax, New York Times (2014) B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the Energy Institute
ISSN (print)	1743-9671
Scope