How to format your references using the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bally, J. (2015). Astrophysics: Mystery survivor of a supermassive black hole. Nature, 524(7565), 301–302.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cassenaer, S., & Laurent, G. (2007). Hebbian STDP in mushroom bodies facilitates the synchronous flow of olfactory information in locusts. Nature, 448(7154), 709–713.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hainzl, T., Huang, S., & Sauer-Eriksson, A. E. (2002). Structure of the SRP19 RNA complex and implications for signal recognition particle assembly. Nature, 417(6890), 767–771.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Saneyoshi, T., Kume, S., Amasaki, Y., & Mikoshiba, K. (2002). The Wnt/calcium pathway activates NF-AT and promotes ventral cell fate in Xenopus embryos. Nature, 417(6886), 295–299.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Agachi, P. Ş., Nagy, Z. K., Cristea, M. V., & Imre-Lucaci, Á. (2006). Model Based Control. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Rimensberger, P. C. (Ed.). (2015). Pediatric and Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation: From Basics to Clinical Practice. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Nussbaum, N. L., & Shepard, K. N. (2009). Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. In E. Fletcher-Janzen (Ed.), The Neuropsychology of Women (pp. 1–43). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, November 18). Watch Tony Hawk Ride A Real Hoverboard. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/watch-tony-hawk-ride-real-hoverboard/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). [Comments on DOD Data Center Consolidation Plan] (B-256497). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brooks, B. M. (2017). Applying Andragogical Principles to Real-Time Embedded Parental Coaching When Helping Their Children with Hearing Loss to Talk [Doctoral dissertation]. Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W. (2012, November 30). Experts Fear Life Insurers Are Courting Reserve Risk. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bally, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Bally, 2015; Cassenaer & Laurent, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cassenaer & Laurent, 2007)
Three authors: (Hainzl et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Saneyoshi et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Abbreviation	J. Subst. Abuse Treat.
ISSN (print)	0740-5472
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Psychiatry and Mental health Phychiatric Mental Health Clinical Psychology