How to format your references using the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smolke, C. D. (2009). Cell biology. It’s the DNA that counts. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5931), 1156–1157.

A journal article with 2 authors

Papke, R. T., and Gogarten, J. P. (2012). Ecology. How bacterial lineages emerge. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6077), 45–46.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bohossian, H. B., Skaletsky, H., and Page, D. C. (2000). Unexpectedly similar rates of nucleotide substitution found in male and female hominids. Nature, 406(6796), 622–625.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Xu, J., Hofhuis, H., Heidstra, R., Sauer, M., Friml, J., and Scheres, B. (2006). A molecular framework for plant regeneration. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5759), 385–388.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Courant, R., and McShane, E. J. (1988). Differential and Integral Calculus. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Shirahata, S., Ikura, K., Nagao, M., Ichikawa, A., and Teruya, K. (Eds.). (2009). Animal Cell Technology: Basic & Applied Aspects: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association for Animal Cell Technology (JAACT), Kyoto, Japan, September 25-28, 2006. Animal Cell Technology: Basic & Applied Aspects (Vol. 15). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Gauthier, J.-A., and Widmer, E. D. (2014). The Destruction of Multiethnic Locations: Markers of Identity and the Determinants of Residential Trajectories. In D. Spini, G. Elcheroth, and D. Corkalo Biruski (Eds.), War, Community, and Social Change: Collective Experiences in the Former Yugoslavia (pp. 85–98). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, August 11). Why Predicting A Flu Outbreak Is Like Betting On Football Or Flipping A Coin. IFLScience. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-predicting-flu-outbreak-betting-football-or-flipping-coin/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2005). Aviation Safety: System Safety Approach Needs Further Integration into FAA’s Oversight of Airlines ( No. GAO-05-726). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Winchester, C. L. (2013). Alleghanian plutonism in the eastern Blue Ridge province of the southern Appalachians: Origin and tectonic setting (Doctoral dissertation). Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, T. W. (1975, May 4). Encounter: When Fantasy Becomes Fact. New York Times, Travel and Resorts373.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smolke, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Papke and Gogarten, 2012; Smolke, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Papke and Gogarten, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Xu et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
Abbreviation	J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs
ISSN (print)	1937-1888
ISSN (online)	1938-4114
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Toxicology Health(social science)