How to format your references using the Journal of Sports Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sports Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sharon, E. (2012). Materials science. Swell approaches for changing polymer shapes. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6073), 1179–1180.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gold, J. I., & Shadlen, M. N. (2000). Representation of a perceptual decision in developing oculomotor commands. Nature, 404(6776), 390–394.

A journal article with 3 authors

Akoulitchev, S., Chuikov, S., & Reinberg, D. (2000). TFIIH is negatively regulated by cdk8-containing mediator complexes. Nature, 407(6800), 102–106.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Mahowald, M. A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E. R., & Gordon, J. I. (2006). An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature, 444(7122), 1027–1031.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nussbaumer, A., Borges, L., & Davaine, L. (2012). Fatigue Design of Steel and Composite Structures. Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG.

An edited book

Clark Wortham, S. (Ed.). (2013). Common Characteristics and Unique Qualities in Preschool Programs: Global Perspectives in Early Childhood Education (Vol. 5). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Spannagel, D. (2016). Strategies Against Poverty and Social Exclusion in a Corporatist–Conservative Local Welfare System: The Dortmund Consensus. In H. Johansson & A. Panican (Eds.), Combating Poverty in Local Welfare Systems (pp. 105–127). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sports Sciences.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, November 11). One Day You May Be Able To Taste In Virtual Reality. IFLScience; IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1999). Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Customs Is Effectively Managing Its Year 2000 Program (T-AIMD-99-85). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Poland, M. C. (2010). New cluster-based routing and multi-channel MAC protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, D. A. (2007, December 5). Take Me to Starbucks if You Can’t Amuse Me. New York Times, H10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sharon, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Gold & Shadlen, 2000; Sharon, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gold & Shadlen, 2000)
Three authors: (Akoulitchev et al., 2000)
6 or more authors: (Turnbaugh et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sports Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Sports Sci.
ISSN (print)	0264-0414
ISSN (online)	1466-447X
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation