How to format your references using the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willyard C (2010) Joining forces. Nature 466:S9-10

A journal article with 2 authors

Vasconcelos C, McKenzie JA (2009) Geochemistry. The descent of minerals. Science 323:218–219

A journal article with 3 authors

Back JM, McCue SW, Moroney TJ (2014) Including nonequilibrium interface kinetics in a continuum model for melting nanoscaled particles. Sci Rep 4:7066

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dufour P, Liebert J, Fontaine G, Behara N (2007) White dwarf stars with carbon atmospheres. Nature 450:522–524

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anwar S, Carroll JJ (2016) Carbon Dioxide Thermodynamic Properties Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Nijkamp FP, Parnham MJ (2005) Principles of Immunopharmacology. Birkhäuser, Basel

A chapter in an edited book

Braghieri A, Pacelli C, Bragaglio A, et al (2015) The Hidden Costs of Livestock Environmental Sustainability: The Case of Podolian Cattle. In: Vastola A (ed) The Sustainability of Agro-Food and Natural Resource Systems in the Mediterranean Basin. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 47–56

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Advances In Tackling Depression. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/advances-tackling-depression/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1972) Lack of Effective Coordinated or Centralized Management Control of Closed-Circuit Television Used in DOD for Training and Education. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alexander M (2009) Reasoning processes used by paramedics to solve clinical problems. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO, Schuessler J (2013) Jane, Plain No More: A Year of Austen Glamour. New York Times C28

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Solgel Sci. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0928-0707
ISSN (online)	1573-4846
Scope	General Chemistry Biomaterials Ceramics and Composites Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Materials Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics