How to format your references using the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gershon D (2002) Malaria research tools up for the future. Nature 419:4–5

A journal article with 2 authors

Steven AC, Spear PG (2006) Biochemistry. Viral glycoproteins and an evolutionary conundrum. Science 313:177–178

A journal article with 3 authors

Gorb EV, Baum MJ, Gorb SN (2013) Development and regeneration ability of the wax coverage in Nepenthes alata pitchers: a cryo-SEM approach. Sci Rep 3:3078

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fukushima K, Yamanobe T, Shinmei Y, et al (2002) Coding of smooth eye movements in three-dimensional space by frontal cortex. Nature 419:157–162

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Casper D (2011) Hollywood Film 1963-1976. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Burton B (2015) Acting to Manage Conflict and Bullying Through Evidence-Based Strategies. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Drews G, Krippeit-Drews P, Düfer M (2015) Electrophysiology of Islet Cells. In: Islam MS (ed) Islets of Langerhans. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 249–303

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Watch Live As SpaceX’s Dragon Spacecraft Launches Toward ISS. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Aviation Safety: Data Problems Threaten FAA Strides on Safety Analysis System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mathes MD (2014) Exploring Factors That Enabled Financial Advisors and Their Firms to Improve Professional Performance After 2008. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2010) The Nuclear Option Is Yours. New York Times NJ13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Solgel Sci. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0928-0707
ISSN (online)	1573-4846
Scope	General Chemistry Biomaterials Ceramics and Composites Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Materials Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics