How to format your references using the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport (JSAMS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Anderson P. Consequences. Perhaps the biotech sector should have employed more philosophers. Nature 2000; 405(6784):281.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang X, Zhao M. Strain-induced phase transition and electron spin-polarization in graphene spirals. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5699.

A journal article with 3 authors

Marsh AG, Maxson RE Jr, Manahan DT. High macromolecular synthesis with low metabolic cost in Antarctic sea urchin embryos. Science 2001; 291(5510):1950–1952.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Schiller D, Monfils M-H, Raio CM, et al. Preventing the return of fear in humans using reconsolidation update mechanisms. Nature 2010; 463(7277):49–53.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kenett RS, Zacks S, Amberti D. Modern Industrial Statistics. Chichester, UK, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013.

An edited book

Leung VCM, Chen M, editors. Cloud Computing: 4th International Conference, CloudComp 2013, Wuhan, China, October 17-19, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 133. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Ghersetich I, Brazzini B, Lotti T, et al. Pyruvic Acid. In: Tosti Antonella, Grimes Pearl E., Padova Maria Pia De, editors. Color Atlas of Chemical Peels. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2006. p. 31–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport.

Blog post

Andrew E. With So Much Vested In Satellites, Solar Storms Could Bring Life To A Standstill. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/so-much-vested-satellites-solar-storms-could-bring-life-standstill/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: FAA’s Advanced Automation System Contract. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Batson G. Head Start and at -risk students: Perceptions of administrators, practitioners, and parents. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. At This Park, There’s No Such Thing as a Free Bench. New York Times 2000:147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
Abbreviation	J. Sci. Med. Sport
ISSN (print)	1440-2440
ISSN (online)	1878-1861
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation