How to format your references using the Journal of Risk Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Risk Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Powell, Kendall. 2003. “Growing Pains.” Nature 423 (6939): 568–569.

A journal article with 2 authors

Soutoglou, Evi, and Iannis Talianidis. 2002. “Coordination of PIC Assembly and Chromatin Remodeling during Differentiation-Induced Gene Activation.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 295 (5561): 1901–1904.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bai, Gongxun, Yang Zhang, and Jianhua Hao. 2014. “Tuning of Near-Infrared Luminescence of SrTiO3:Ni2+ Thin Films Grown on Piezoelectric PMN-PT via Strain Engineering.” Scientific Reports 4 (July): 5724.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Sato, J., T. Omori, K. Oikawa, I. Ohnuma, R. Kainuma, and K. Ishida. 2006. “Cobalt-Base High-Temperature Alloys.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5770): 90–91.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Asif, Saad Z. 2010. Next Generation Mobile Communications Ecosystem. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Ferre, Manuel, Martin Buss, Rafael Aracil, Claudio Melchiorri, and Carlos Balaguer, eds. 2007. Advances in Telerobotics. Vol. 31. Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Simovici, Dan A., and Chabane Djeraba. 2008. “Partially Ordered Sets.” In Mathematical Tools for Data Mining: Set Theory, Partial Orders, Combinatorics, edited by Chabane Djeraba, 129–172. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Risk Research.

Blog post

Fang, Janet. 2015. “Methane-Based Life Forms Could Exist On Titan.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1986. Telephone Communications: Bell Operating Company Entry Into New Lines of Business. RCED-86-138. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Osifalujo, Andrew. 2015. “Code-Switching in Working African Americans: Internalized Racism, Minority Status, and Organizational Commitment.” Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. “Welcoming Back N.B.A. With Open Yawns.” New York Times, November 29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Powell 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Powell 2003; Soutoglou and Talianidis 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Soutoglou and Talianidis 2002)
Three authors: (Bai, Zhang, and Hao 2014)
4 or more authors: (Sato et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Risk Research
Abbreviation	J. Risk Res.
ISSN (print)	1366-9877
ISSN (online)	1466-4461
Scope	Strategy and Management General Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Social Sciences