How to format your references using the Journal of Risk Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Risk Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Amzica, Florin. 2010. “Comment on ‘The Human K-Complex Represents an Isolated Cortical down-State.’” Science (New York, N.Y.) 330 (6000): 35; author reply 35.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ekström, Göran, and Colin P. Stark. 2013. “Simple Scaling of Catastrophic Landslide Dynamics.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 339 (6126): 1416–1419.

A journal article with 3 authors

Takeuchi, Hiroki, Norio Nakatsuji, and Hirofumi Suemori. 2014. “Endodermal Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Insulin-Producing Cells in 3D Culture.” Scientific Reports 4 (March): 4488.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ilani, S., J. Martin, E. Teitelbaum, J. H. Smet, D. Mahalu, V. Umansky, and A. Yacoby. 2004. “The Microscopic Nature of Localization in the Quantum Hall Effect.” Nature 427 (6972): 328–332.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rao, K. R., Zoran S. Bojkovic, and Dragorad A. Milovanovic. 2005. Introduction to Multimedia Communications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Schoeffmann, Klaus, Bernard Merialdo, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yiannis Andreopoulos, and Christian Breiteneder, eds. 2012. Advances in Multimedia Modeling: 18th International Conference, MMM 2012, Klagenfurt, Austria, January 4-6, 2012. Proceedings. Vol. 7131. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Patil, Mahesh, and Pankaj Rodey. 2015. “Buck Converter in Open Loop.” In Control Systems for Power Electronics: A Practical Guide, edited by Pankaj Rodey, 21–27. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. New Delhi: Springer India.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Risk Research.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “The 2015 Flu Vaccine – What’s New, Who Should Get It And Why.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/2015-flu-vaccine-what-s-new-who-should-get-it-and-why/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1993. Highway Demonstration Projects. RCED-93-193R. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yi, Michael. 2015. “Interrater Reliability between Novice and Expert Functional Movement Screen Raters.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, James. 2017. “Nostalgia Goes Niche.” New York Times, August 3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Amzica 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Amzica 2010; Ekström and Stark 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ekström and Stark 2013)
Three authors: (Takeuchi, Nakatsuji, and Suemori 2014)
4 or more authors: (Ilani et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Risk Research
Abbreviation	J. Risk Res.
ISSN (print)	1366-9877
ISSN (online)	1466-4461
Scope	Strategy and Management General Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Social Sciences