How to format your references using the Journal of Radiation Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Radiation Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Telford MJ (2013) Evolution. The animal tree of life. Science 339:764–766

A journal article with 2 authors

Keklikoglou I, De Palma M (2014) Cancer: Metastasis risk after anti-macrophage therapy. Nature 515:46–47

A journal article with 3 authors

Rutberg RL, Hemming SR, Goldstein SL (2000) Reduced North Atlantic Deep Water flux to the glacial Southern Ocean inferred from neodymium isotope ratios. Nature 405:935–938

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Yeo M, Lee S-K, Lee B, et al (2005) Small CTD phosphatases function in silencing neuronal gene expression. Science 307:596–600

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Attoh-Okine NO (2017) Big Data and Differential Privacy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Landers RN, Schmidt GB (2016) Social Media in Employee Selection and Recruitment: Theory, Practice, and Current Challenges. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Felkai R (2011) Hungary: A Country Hit Hard. In: Jungmann J, Sagemann B (eds) Financial Crisis in Eastern Europe: Road to Recovery. Gabler, Wiesbaden, pp 177–256

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Radiation Oncology.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) New “Hobbit” Fossils On Flores Hint At Varied Human Evolution. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/new-hobbit-fossils-on-flores-hint-at-varied-human-evolution/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1976) Acquisition of Compact and Subcompact Passenger Vehicles To Conserve Fuel. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Magner KA (2010) Evaluation of admissions criteria and practices with regards to successful online learning styles and characteristics. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wogan J (2016) Eat, Pray, Chill. New York Times M2124

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Radiation Oncology
Abbreviation	J. Radiat. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	1948-7894
ISSN (online)	1948-7908
Scope	Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging