How to format your references using the Journal of Pragmatics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pragmatics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Heitman, J., 2005. Cell biology. A fungal Achilles’ heel. Science 309, 2175–2176.

A journal article with 2 authors

Barnes, M.J., Powrie, F., 2011. Immunology. The gut’s Clostridium cocktail. Science 331, 289–290.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hnasko, T.S., Sotak, B.N., Palmiter, R.D., 2005. Morphine reward in dopamine-deficient mice. Nature 438, 854–857.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Deconto, R.M., Pollard, D., Wilson, P.A., Pälike, H., Lear, C.H., Pagani, M., 2008. Thresholds for Cenozoic bipolar glaciation. Nature 455, 652–656.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lahdenmäki, T., Leach, M., 2005. Relational Database Index Design and the Optimizers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zoulias, E.I., 2008. Hydrogen-based Autonomous Power Systems: Techno-economic Analysis of the Integration of Hydrogen in Autonomous Power Systems, Power Systems. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Marengo, M., 2009. La preparazione delle sacche nella realtà ospedaliera, in: Marengo, M., Miniero, R. (Eds.), Nutrizione Parenterale in Pediatria. Springer, Milano, pp. 61–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pragmatics.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2016. NASA’s Juno Spacecraft Spots “Pearl” Storm On Jupiter [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-juno-spacecraft-spots-pearl-storm-on-jupiter/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2009. Business Systems Modernization: Internal Revenue Service’s Fiscal Year 2009 Expenditure Plan (No. GAO-09-281). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Norris, C., 2014. What is Lost Along the Way (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2016. Lew Visits Puerto Rico and Urges Federal Help. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Heitman, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Barnes and Powrie, 2011; Heitman, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Barnes and Powrie, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Deconto et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pragmatics
Abbreviation	J. Pragmat.
ISSN (print)	0378-2166
Scope	Language and Linguistics Artificial Intelligence Linguistics and Language